Unit 2 vocabularies

Question 1

activation energy

Answer 1

the amount of energy required to produce a chemical product

Question 2

catalyst

Answer 2

molecules that speed up chemical reactions

Question 3

cell

Answer 3

the basic unit of life

Question 4

enzymes

Answer 4

a type of protein the lowers the activation energy of a reaction to speed it up or catalyze it

Question 5

eukaryotic

Answer 5

cells that are more complex; contain membrane-bound components or organelles

Question 6

HIV

Answer 6

human immunodeficiency virus; a type of virus that invades cells of the immune system, reproduces through the lysogenic cycle, and cause Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or AIDS

Question 7

host specificity

Answer 7

the limitation of viruses to a small range of hosts as a result of complementary virus and cell shapes

Question 8

influenza

Answer 8

a virus that reproduces through the lytic cycle

Question 9

lysogenic

Answer 9

a type of viral reproduction in which a virus invades a host cell and lies dormant for a long period of time before lysing the cell or bursting it open

Question 10

lytic

Answer 10

a type of viral reproduction the involves the lyses or bursting open of the host cell

Question 11

multicellular

Answer 11

describes organisms that are made of many cells that work together to perform life processes

Question 12

organ

Answer 12

collections of tissue that work together to perform a similar function

Question 13

organ system

Answer 13

collections of organs that work together to perform a similar function

Question 14

organelles

Answer 14

sub cellular units that are enclosed by a membrane and perform specific functions; examples include the nucleus and mitochondria

Question 15

prokaryotic cells

Answer 15

cells that do not contain membrane-bound components or organelles

Question 16

specialize

Answer 16

when cells develop to have a specific shape to perform a specific function; examples include red blood cells in animals and xylem in plants

Question 17

substrate

Answer 17

a specific molecule that fits into the active site of an enzyme; the molecule or molecules that an enzyme acts on

Question 18

tissue

Answer 18

collections of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function

Question 19

unicellular

Answer 19

describes organisms that exist as one cell carrying out all life processes examples include bacteria

Question 20

virus

Answer 20

microscopic, nonliving particles made of proteins and nucleic acids that require a host to reproduce