unit 2.1 early civilizations Flashcards
what is mesopotamia also referred to as?
The Land Between The Rivers
what two rivers are between mesopotamia?
the Tigris River and the Euphrates River
how was farming like in the fertile crescent?
they used irrigation, which were watering fields using human-made systems. they had fine and fertile soil that was excellent for agriculture.
what was sumer?
mesopotamias first civilization
what was sumerian society organized by?
social class
what religion were sumerians?
polytheistic
name some of the invaders of the fertile crescent
akkadians, babylonians, hittites, assyrians, the chaldeans
who united upper and lower egypt?
King Menes
where did the egyptians build a new capital city at?
memphis
who led the most important religious ceremonies in egypt?
the pharaoh
what were the kings viziers?
people who did most of the pharaohs work
where were the pharaohs dead bodies store?
pyramids
did egyptians believe in the afterlife?
yes
why was the great pyramid so impressive?
because the egyptians had limited technology
what was egyptians society like?
a hierarchy
what religion were the egyptians?
polytheistic
what was the difference between the mesopotamians view of the afterlife and the egyptians?
the mesopotamians believed in a dark and gloomy afterlife, where as the egyptians believed in a good one
what did Ramses ll do?
expanded the empire into Nubia, Libya, and the eastern medditeranean and built the first capital city and commissioned an awesome number of temples, monuments, and statues
what were the hittites?
the powerful empire centered around present day Turkey who battles with Ramses for 15 years, but eventually came to a peace treaty
was Egypt in good condition after Ramses died?
no
what was nubia and why was it so important?
it was a place rich in gold, copper, and other important resources. it provided a trade route from africa. it eventually fell to the assyrians
what group of people has stores of gold and started to produce iron as well?
the kushites
what do hieroglyphics give insight to?
Egyptian life
what was the egyptian social structure based on?
heritage
