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General Microbiology > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Sterilize

A

Deconstruction or removal of all viable organisms

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2
Q

Decontamination

A

Make something safe to handle, reduce microbial loads

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3
Q

Disinfection

A

Killing, inhibition, Or removal of pathogenic organisms

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4
Q

Disinfectant

A

Agents used for disinfection of inanimate objects

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5
Q

Sanitization

A

Reduce overall microbial levels to safe levels

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6
Q

Antisepsis

A

Prevention of infection in or on living tissue

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7
Q

Antiseptic

A

Chemical agents that kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms on tissues

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8
Q

Goal of pasteurization

A

Kill pathogens and reduce overall microbial load

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9
Q

Method to control microbes that causes thymine dimmers in DNA

A

UV radiation

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10
Q

“Cold sterilization “

A

Ionizing radiation

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11
Q

Conditions influencing effectiveness of anti microbial agent

A

Population size
Population composition
Concentrstion of agent
Duration of exposure
Temp
Local environment

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12
Q

How to classify anti microbial drugs

A

Molecular structure
Mechanism of action
Spectrum of anti microbial activity

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13
Q

What do antimicrobial drugs target

A

Protein synthesis
Nuclei acid synthesis
Cell wall synthesis
Metabolic antagonist

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14
Q

Erythromycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Targets 50S ribosome subunit
Bacteriostatic

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15
Q

Ciproflaxin

A

Nuclei acid synthesis inhibitor
Interferes with bacterial dna gyrase
Bacteriocidal
Quinolone

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16
Q

Penicillin

A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
Beta lactam antibiotic
Bacteriocidal against growing cells

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17
Q

Sulfa drugs

A

Metabolic antagonist
Folic acid
Bacteriostatic
Synthetic drug

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18
Q

Mechanisms of bacterial resistance

A

Prevent entry
Efflux Pumps
Inactivation change target
Alternate pathways

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19
Q

Which type of food borne I’llness can antibiotics help

A

Food infection

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20
Q

Staph aureus

A

Food intoxication
Rapid onset
Due to handling food
Classic GI symptoms
Subnormal body temp

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21
Q

C botulinum

A

Neuro symptoms (paralysis)
Canned goods
Babies =infection
adults = intoxication

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22
Q

Botulism in babies

A

Infection

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23
Q

Botulism in adults

A

Intoxication

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24
Q

C perfringens

A

Classic GI symptoms
Huge infectious dose
Buffets/met slabs
Food infection

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25
Salmonella enteric a
Classic GI Gram neg bacillus Food infection
26
E. coli (EHEC)
Bloody diarrhea, kidney failure, HUS Low infectious dose Food infection
27
Campylobacter jejuni
Classic GI symptoms Micraerophile, spirochete Food infection
28
Listeria mono cytogenes
Long incubation period (wks) Leaves GI tract Can cause sepsis, meningitis, miscarriage Can cause blood brain barrier and placenta Food infection
29
Which diseases are food infection
Listeria Campylobacter E. coli Salmonella C perfringens Botulism in babies
30
Which diseases are food intoxication
S aureus Botulism in adults
31
Prion disease
Prions cause disruption of neural tissue Depression, loss of motor, dementia From meat
32
Toxoplasma Gondi
Protozoan spread through cat feces or undercooked meat Prenatal infection
33
Probiotic benefits
Improve general and intestinal health and balance Change immunomodulation Improve lactose intolerance Prevent diarrhea Anti cancer effects Reduce serum cholesterol Treat enteric disease
34
Mash
Malt + water
35
Wort
Clear liquid containing fermentable carbs
36
Bottle conditioning
Adding sugar and yeast to try to get bubbles
37
Whiskey and bourbon start with
Sour mash
38
Strep throat causative agent
Streptococcus pyogenes
39
Streptococcus general characteristics
Gram positive coccus Chains
40
Strep route of transmission
Droplets
41
Strep symptoms
Severe sore throat White spots in back of throat Fevef
42
What can happen if strep isn’t treated
Cross reactivity of immune system Rheumatic fever
43
Hansens dx causative agent
Mycobacterium leprae
44
Mycobacterium leprae characteristics
Acid fast Rod shaped Slow grower
45
Hansens dx route of transmission
Unsure bc incubation period is years and most pppl have natural immunity Think close contact Know armadillos
46
Hansen’s disease symptoms
Skin damage Mucus membranes Nerve damage Ulcers Nosebleed
47
Zika virus family
Flavivirus
48
Zika virus characteristics
Positive sense ssRNA
49
Zika route of transmission
Mosquito bites mainly Some person to person
50
Zika symptoms
Not severe for most Like 20% get mild symptoms V dangerous for pregnant women Microcephalic in Baby
51
Influenza virus characteristics
Negative sense ssRNA virus
52
Influenza route of transmission
Droplets Surfaces
53
Influenza symptoms
Rapid onset Fever, aches, cough Kids may get GI
54
Monkey pox virus characteristics
Double strand DNA virus, ovoid shape
55
Monkey pox route fo transmission
Person to person (droplets, rash, sexually) Objects Animals to people
56
Monkey pox symptoms
Low mortality rate Not as severe as smallpox Starts with flulike symptoms then rash
57
Malaria causative agent
Plasmodium falciparum Protist
58
Malaria route of transmission
Mosquitoes Blood transfer
59
Malaria uncomplicated symptoms
Cyclical flu symptoms bc parasites get into RBCs and lyse
60
Malaria complicated symtpms
Cerebral malaria if they get into CNS (v high fever) Black water fever if excess Hb damages RBCs and cUsss kidney damage leading to black urine

General Microbiology (2 decks)

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