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Unit 3 - Natural Disasters > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Continent

A

Major areas of land on Earth

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2
Q

evidence

A

information that can be used to support explanations

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3
Q

landscape

A

everything you see when you look around

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4
Q

volcano

A

places where molten rock emerges or erupts through the surface of the Earth

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5
Q

ocean

A

body of salt water

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6
Q

water/ocean

A

3/4 of Earth

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7
Q

3 main layers of the Earth

A

crust, core, mantle

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8
Q

Ocean Ridge

A

an underwater mountain system; usually has a valley with a rift running along the center line

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9
Q

Mountain Range

A

a series of large, tall landforms

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10
Q

Ocean Trench

A

very long depressions that are the deepest parts of the ocean floor

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11
Q

Earthquake

A

a sudden movement of large blocks of rock along a fault line

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12
Q

Volcanic Eruption

A

the release of molten rock from a volcano

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13
Q

Three ways a plate can move - vocabulary terms

A

Divergent, Convergent, Transform

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14
Q

Three descriptive ways a plate can move

A

Pull apart, slide under another, slide side by side

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15
Q

Divergent

A

when tectonic plates pull apart

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16
Q

Convergent

A

when a tectonic plate slides below another

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17
Q

Transform

A

when tectonic plates slide side by side

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18
Q

These have the same patterns as Earthquakes

A

Ocean Trenches have the same pattern as ______.

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19
Q

Where are Ocean Trenches found?

A

Location where convergent tectonic plates meet in the ocean.

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20
Q

Where are mountain ranges found?

A

Location where convergent tectonic plates meet on land.

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21
Q

Cause

A

makes something happen (rise to action)

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22
Q

Effect

A

what happens (result of a cause)

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23
Q

claim

A

state something without providing evidence or proof

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24
Q

landslide

A

sliding down of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff

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25
tsunami
a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake
26
Effects of volcanic ash
damage/death of vegetation; damage to the engines of cars and airplanes
27
Effects of volcanic gasses
breathing problems; worsening of asthma
28
Effects of lava flow
damage to ecosystems; destruction of buildings; burial of roads
29
Effects of a landslide
damage to or burial of whatever lies in its path
30
lahar
volcanic landslide
31
Effects of shaking and settling of ground
damage to or collapse of buildings and other structures
32
Effects of tsunami
flooding of coastlines
33
Effects of broken gas lines/power lines
fire
34
Volcanic Hazards - Causes
volcanic ash, volcanic, gasses, lava flow, landslide on a steep slope, lahar (volcanic landslide)
35
Earthquake Hazards - Causes
shaking of ground, settling of the ground, landslide, tsunami, broken gas and power lines
36
What does the system or group do to protect people against Volcanos and Earthquakes
keep past records, monitor activity using sensors and instruments, issue early warning alerts and evacuations
37
Should funding continue for monitoring and alert systems for volcanos and earthquakes?
Funding for these natural disaster systems saves human, animal, and plant lives
38
wave
a repeating and periodic disturbance that travels through a substance from one location to another
39
periodic
occurring at regular time intervals
40
peak
the high point of a wave
41
trough
the low point of a wave
42
wave height
the vertical distance between a peak and a trough
43
wavelength
the horizontal distance between each trough or peak
44
amplitude
the height of a wave measured from the midpoint of the wave to the peak
45
What is the difference between a tsunami wave and an ocean wave
tsunami waves move through the entire ocean from the surface to the ocean floor - ocean waves are on the surface of the ocean only
46
tsunami waves have a longer wavelength than
ocean waves have a shorter wavelength than
47
focus
the place that an earthquake starts
48
focus is also known as
initiation location is also known as
49
intensity
the measurable amount of force
50
magnitude
earthquakes are assigned a number based on how much energy the earthquake releases
51
felt report
people are asked to submit information about what they experienced wherever they were when the earthquake occurred
52
The scale used in the US to evaluate earthquake intensity
Mercalli Scale
53
A house further or closer to the focus point would be safest
A home farther from this would be safest from earthquakes.
54
Two criteria for earthquake resistance buildings
buildings that are flexible and strong
55
Two constraints on designs for earthquake resistant buildings
materials, time, money and machinery are constraints on these
56
How does the Pagoda building survive an earthquake
it has many wooden joints that are not connected (cross bracing), mass damped, base isolator
57
debris
loose material consisting especially of broken pieces of rock; scattered pieces of material
58
glacier
large masses of ice that are built up by layers of snow; formed where it is too cold to melt each year
59
weathering
the process of rocks breaking apart; be worn away or altered by exposure to outside elements
60
erosion
the process of moving bits of rocks and other materials to new locations; by wind, water or other natural occurring events
61
deposition
when moving rock material settles down in a location; the action of deposition something
62
Earth processes
earthquakes, glaciers, volcanoes, wind, tsunamis, water
63
How earthquakes change the landscape
buildings fall, ground splits open, trees fall
64
how volcanoes change the landscape
covers ground in lava and ash; destroys vegetation and everything in its path
65
how tsunamis change the landscape
debris moved by water
66
how glaciers change the landscape
move dirt and rocks to a new area - changes mountainside
67
how wind changes the landscape
blows dirt, sand, and debris to other locations
68
how water changes the landscape
moves rocks, sand, silt to new places
69
how weathering changes the landscape
breaks rocks apart (wears down a hill, etc)
70
how erosion changes the landscape
moves rocks, soil, and other materials to a new location changing the landscape
71
how deposition changes the landscape
new landscape features are formed
72

Unit 3 - Natural Disasters (1 decks)

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