Unit 3

Question 1

What are the two parts of an atom?

Answer 1

1) The dense NUCLEUS is in the center

2) Electrons are located in the ELECTRON CLOUD

Question 2

What do you know about the NUCLEUS of the atom?

Answer 2

1) It contains PROTONS & NEUTRONS.
2) Its charge is POSITIVE.
3) The majority of the atom’s MASS is located in the NUCLEUS.

Question 3

What do you know about the ELECTRON CLOUD?

Answer 3

1) It contains ELECTRONS.
2) Its charge is NEGATIVE.
3) The majority of the atom’s VOLUME is located here.

Question 4

What is the overall charge of the atom?

Answer 4

Neutral

Question 5

What is the charge & mass of the PROTON?

Answer 5

The PROTON is positively charged & has a mass of 1 amu.

Question 6

What is the charge & mass of the ELECTRON?

Answer 6

The ELECTRON is negatively charged & has a mass of 0 amu.

Question 7

What is the charge & mass of the NEUTRON?

Answer 7

The NEUTRON is neutrally charged & has a mass of 1 amu.

Question 8

What does the ATOMIC NUMBER represent?

Answer 8

The amount of PROTONS in the atom

Question 9

What does the MASS NUMBER represent?

Answer 9

The amount of PROTONS and NEUTRONS in an atom.

Question 10

In a NEUTRAL atom, the PROTONS equal the number of _____?

Answer 10

ELECTRONS

Question 11

What is the name of an atom with a charge?

Answer 11

ION

Question 12

What is the name of the ION with a POSITIVE charge?

Answer 12

CATION. This means that there are MORE PROTONS than electrons.

Question 13

What is the name of the ION with a NEGATIVE charge?

Answer 13

ANION. This means that there are MORE ELECTRONS than protons.

Question 14

How does an ion change its charge?

Answer 14

The electrons change, but the protons always stay the same.

Question 15

What is the number of protons, neutrons, & electrons in 16N (pretend that’s a little 16)?

Answer 15

protons=7
neutrons=9
e=7

This is an ISOTOPE not an ion.

Question 16

What is an ISOTOPE?

Answer 16

An atom of the same element with a different MASS NUMBER.

Question 17

How do you alter the MASS NUMBER?

Answer 17

NEUTRONS are added or lost, but the ATOMIC NUMBER always stays the same.

Question 18

According to Dalton’s atomic theory, elements are composed of tiny particles called ___________.

Answer 18

Atoms

Question 19

Are ATOMS of each element the same or different from other atoms?

Answer 19

Different

Question 20

What is it called when atoms of different elements combine in whole-number ratios?

Answer 20

Compounds

Question 21

How do chemical reactions occur?

Answer 21

When ATOMS are SEPARATED, JOINED, or REARRANGED.

Question 22

Who was the first person to say that ATOMS existed?

Answer 22

Democritus

Question 23

Who discovered the ELECTRON?

Answer 23

Thomson

Question 24

How did Thomson discover the electron?

Answer 24

He used a cathode ray tube.

Question 25

What is Thomson's atomic model called?

Answer 25

The plum pudding model.

Question 26

What did Rutherford discover?

Answer 26

A dense nucleus and and protons. He used the GOLD FOIL experiment.

Question 27

Who discovered the neutron?

Answer 27

Chadwick. He realized that some mass was missing from the nucleus.

Question 28

BOHR came up with the _______ model.

Answer 28

PLANETARY. He realized that electrons traveled in set paths or energy levels around the nucleus.

Question 29

Name the three models for nitrogen

Answer 29

1) Thomson-plum pudding 2) Rutherford 3) Bohr-planetary

Question 30

What do elements in the same group or family have in common?

Answer 30

Chemical/Physical characteristics

Question 31

Who arranged the periodic table according to ATOMIC MASS?

Answer 31

Mendeleev

Question 32

Who arranged the MODERN periodic table according to ATOMIC NUMBER?

Answer 32

Mosely