Unit 3-4 Test

Question 1

What tool is responsible for discovering cells?

Answer 1

The microscope

Question 2

Robert Hooke first discovered what under the microscope?

Answer 2

Cork

Question 3

What does the cell theory state? List the three main points.

Answer 3

• All living things are composed of cells
• Cells are the basic unit of life
• All cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 4

What is the job of the nucleus?

Answer 4

Produces ribosomes

Question 5

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 5

Powerhouse; produces energy

Question 6

What is the role of ribosomes?

Answer 6

Makes protein

Question 7

What is the purpose of cytoplasm?

Answer 7

Holds organelles in place

Question 8

What does the endoplasmic reticulum do?

Answer 8

Transports proteins

Question 9

What can we infer if a unicellular organism has chloroplasts?

Answer 9

It is a plant cell that can do photosynthesis

Question 10

What structures are only present in plant cells?

Answer 10

• Cell wall
• Chloroplast

Question 11

What is osmosis?

Answer 11

Diffusion of water

Question 12

Why are osmosis and diffusion considered passive transport?

Answer 12

They both do not use energy to move

Question 13

What are the reactants in the photosynthesis process?

Answer 13

• 6 carbon dioxide
• 6 water

Question 14

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Answer 14

• Glucose (sugar)
• Oxygen

Question 15

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 15

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 16

How does a plant take water to the leaves?

Answer 16

Roots

Question 17

What organelle in a plant does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 17

Chloroplast

Question 18

What is another name for glucose?

Answer 18

Sugar

Question 19

What is the job of chlorophyll?

Answer 19

Absorb light energy from the sun and turn plants green

Question 20

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide, water, ATP

These are the main outputs of the cellular respiration process.

Question 21

How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis similar?

Answer 21

The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration

This highlights the interconnected nature of these two processes.

Question 22

What organelle in a plant cell does cellular respiration take place in?

Answer 22

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell.

Question 23

What is the end result of cell division in regular cells?

Answer 23

Two new ‘daughter cells’

This is the outcome of the mitotic division process.

Question 24

What are the four phases that make up mitosis?

Answer 24

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase/Cytokinesis

Each phase plays a critical role in cell division.

Question 25

What begins the cell cycle and what happens during this phase?

Answer 25

Interphase; it duplicates itself ## Footnote Interphase is crucial for preparing the cell for division.

Question 26

What is the first principle of cell theory?

Answer 26

All organisms are made of one or more cells ## Footnote This principle emphasizes the cellular basis of life.

Question 27

What is the second principle of cell theory?

Answer 27

The cell is the basic unit of all living things ## Footnote This highlights the fundamental role of cells in biology.

Question 28

What is the third principle of cell theory?

Answer 28

All cells come from existing cells ## Footnote This underscores the concept of cell division and continuity.

Question 29

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of cell type?

Answer 29

Mitosis - body cell; Meiosis - sex cell ## Footnote Mitosis results in somatic cells, while meiosis produces gametes.

Question 30

How many times does mitosis occur during cell division?

Answer 30

Once ## Footnote Mitosis results in two daughter cells from a single division.

Question 31

How many times does meiosis occur during cell division?

Answer 31

Twice ## Footnote Meiosis consists of two rounds of division, resulting in four haploid cells.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The end product of meiosis is _______.

Answer 32

Four haploid cells ## Footnote These cells are genetically diverse due to recombination.