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Health Assessment > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of Skin

A

Epidermis: thin + tough
Dermis: inner support
Subcutaneous: adipose

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2
Q

Immature Skin @ Infancy

A

cannot prevent fluid loss or regulate temp

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3
Q

Skin @ Pregnancy

A

pigment change and stretch marks; striae

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4
Q

Skin @ Aging

A

stratum corneum change = chemicals access through skin easier; change hair distribution; wrinkling

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5
Q

Melanin

A

protects against harmful UV rags; genetic advantage of darker skinned

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6
Q

Skin Subjective Data

A

hx of skin disease; pigmentation change; mole change; moisture change; pruritus; bruising; lesion; hair loss; meds; nail change; hazards; self-care behavior

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7
Q

Skin Subjective @ Infancy

A

birthmarks; skin color change; diaper rash; burns; exposure to other conditions; protection from UV

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8
Q

Skin Objective Data

A

Color; Pigmentation; Tone Change; Temp/Moisture/Thick/Edema Mobility Turgor Vascularity; Hair; Nails

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9
Q

Patient Education

A

Skin Self-Exam; UV exposure; Newborn variations

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10
Q

Head

A

skull, sutures, 14 facial bones

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11
Q

Head/Neck @ Infancy

A

head is larger than chest; fontanels + sutures; lymphoid tissue growing, atrophies at 10

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12
Q

Head/Neck @ Pregnancy

A

thyroid gland enlarges = hyperplasia

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13
Q

Head/Neck @ Aging

A

facial bone + orbit prominence, skin sags

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14
Q

Head/Neck Subjective

A

HA, injury, dizziness, pn/ROM, lumps/swelling, hx,

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15
Q

Children Head/Neck Subjective

A

mother’s OH/drug intake; vaginal/cesarean; growth markers

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16
Q

Head/Neck Objective Developmental

A

Infant: fontanel, tonic neck reflex
Pregnant: chloasma, thyroid gland enlargement
Aging: prominent temporal arteries + senile tremors

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17
Q

Sight + Neocortex

A

> 50% involved with processing visual information

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18
Q

External Ocular Anatomy

A

Eyelids, Orbital Cavity, Eyelashes, Canthus, Caruncle, Tarsal Plate, Meibomian Glands, Conjunctiva, Lacrimal Apparatus, Puncta

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19
Q

Ocular Muscles (External)

A

CN III, IV, VI

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20
Q

Internal Ocular Anatomy

A

Sclera, Cornea, Iris, Pupil, Choroid, Ciliary Body, Retina (light changed to impulses)

21
Q

Visual Reflexes

A

Pupillary Light Reflex (pupil constriction); Fixation (move towards item); Accomodation (near vision)

22
Q

Age-Related Eye

A

NEONATE: peripheral intact, macula absent, poor movement
ELDERLY: lacrimal + pupil decrease, lens loses elasticity, senile cataract, glaucoma, macular degen, diabetic retinopathy

23
Q

Vision Subjective

A

difficulty, pn, strabismus/diplopia, red, swell, discharge, hx, glaucoma, sight aids, meds, vision loss, vaginal infx at birth, dev milestones, safety measure against trauma

24
Q

Vision Objective

A

central VA, >40 near vision, peripheral fields - confrontation test, extraocular muscle function - corneal light function, cover test, diagnostic positions test; inspect external/anterior structures, ocular fundus (optic disc, vessels, color + integrity, macula)

25
Q

LEADING CAUSE OF US PREVENTABLE BLINDNESS

A

Glaucoma

26
Q

EAR

A

hearing + equilibrium

27
Q

TM

A

cone of light; malleus pulls at center

28
Q

PARS FLACCIDA

A

small, slack, superior section

29
Q

PARS TENSA

A

remainder of TM, thick + taut

30
Q

ANNULUS

A

outer fibrous rim of TM

31
Q

MIDDLE EAR FUNCTIONS

A

conduct sound vibrations, protect inner ear, ET/pressure equalization

32
Q

CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS

A

partial; mechanical dysfunction

33
Q

SENSORINURAL HEARING LOSS

A

perceptive; pathologic condition

34
Q

INFANTS HEARING

A

ET short, wide, horizontal; cerumen = chromosome 16

35
Q

AGING HEARING

A

coarse, stiff cilia; impacted cerumen; nerve degeneration

36
Q

HEARING SUBJECTIVE

A

aches, infx, dx, acuity or environmental noise, tinnitus, vertigo, cleaning routine

37
Q

HEARING OBJECTIVE external

A

size/shape auricle, position, alignment, skin, tenderness, external auditory meatus, otoscopic: TM position, shape, integrity, color, characteristics

38
Q

HEARING OBJECTIVE

A

acuity, Romberg test (standing balance)

39
Q

ECCRINE SECRETIONS

A

dilute saline solution

40
Q

EARLY JAUNDICE

A

sclera and hard palate

41
Q

BEST WAY TO NOTE A LESION
A. raised, irregular lesion size of a quarter, located on dorsum of left hand
B. open lesion with no drainage or odor, approximately 1/4” diameter
C. pedunculated lesion below left scapula with consistent red color and no drainage or odor
D. dark brown raised lesion, with irregular border, on dorsum of right foot, 3 cm in size, with no drainage

A

D. dark brown raised lesion, with irregular border, on dorsum of right foot, 3 cm in size, with no drainage

42
Q

NORMAL ANGLE OF NAILBED

A

160

43
Q

78yr MB ASKS ABOUT SMALL ROUND FLAT BROWN MACULES ON THE HANDS
BEST RESPONSE IS
A. “result of sun exposure and do not require treatment”
B. “related to sun exposure and may become cancerous”
C. “skin tags that occur with aging and no treatment is required”
D. “I’m glad you brought this to my attention. I will arrange for a biopsy”

A

A. “result of sun exposure and do not require treatment”

44
Q

AREA OF THIN SHINY SKIN WITH DECREASED VISIBILITY OF NORMAL SKIN MARKINGS IS MOST LIKELY

A

Atrophy

45
Q

FLATTENING OF ANGLE BETWEEN NAIL AND BASE IS

A

described as clubbing

46
Q

CONFIGURATION OF INDIVIDUAL LESIONS ARRANGED IN CIRCLES, AS WITH RINGWORMS, IS DESCRIBED AS

A

Annular lesion

47
Q

A in ABCDE for skin cancer is

A

Asymmetry

48
Q

MELANOMA RISK FACTOR

A

skin that freckles or burns before tanning

49
Q

HERPES ZOSTER INFECTION CHARACTERIZED BY

A

Lesion on only one side of body; does not cross midline

Health Assessment (4 decks)

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