unit 3

Question 1

what are the soil degradation causes and impacts?

Answer 1

Soil degradation=change in soil health status

• Degradation causes: deforestation, overgrazing, agrochemical
• arable land loss, water clogged and pollution, increased flooding

Question 2

what is soil erosian and desertification?

Answer 2

Soil erosion: absolute soil losses in topsoil and nutrients

-Desertification=irreversible change of the land to a point that can no longer be recovered for original use.

Question 3

what are some agricultural solutions to no soil?

Answer 3

No soil/land solutions:
Freight farm: old meat shipping containers into farms – leafy greens, herbs, up to 1100 heads of lettuce/week

• systems monitors nutrition level, water temp, co2
• 75,000 USD
• restaurants, school, hotels
• no soil loss
• less land area
• local=le resources used
• urban cultivator
• Floating farms
• fish farms on bottom
• farms on second floor
• roof that has solar panel

-rooftop Bee hive, u of w, hotel fort garry

Question 4

what is the impact of agriculture and humans on water?

Answer 4

World water usage: 70% agriculture, 20% industry 10% domestic
Oceans like a human pantry, but also like a garbage bin
-human live near water
-water bottling during bc drought

Question 5

why has food increased in size?

Answer 5

larger food (section a)
-if more people in market=more food=larger food
-Hormones: animals grow faster and bigger
2/3 of cattle injected with them in the US
-cows, chicken, vegitables, fruit (watermelon)

Question 6

what is the history behind lobster as a food

Answer 6

Lobster:
1800s-1900s fed to servants, prisoners, cats
-loppe=spider
-served on trains to non coastal americans as exotic meat, started to ask for it off train
-WW2 not rationed

Question 7

what is the calcium paradox? why i counter-culteral? (goes against what most believe or do)

Answer 7

calcium paradox
-highest dairy consumption nations=highest rates of bone fractures
-recognized by WHO
-75% of world pop unable to digest milk
non-milk calcium=healthier and more easily absorbed
-also counter cultural because dairy farming more environmentally destructive than beef farming
-3785 litres of water to produce 1 litre of milk

Question 8

what role do children play in agriculture?

Answer 8

Child labour
Children: 5-14 years working in 69% agriculture, 22%ervice, 9% industry
-chocolate industry slaves
-ivory coast = 40% of worlds cocao

Question 9

how is eating fish connected to human rights violations?

Answer 9

Fishers: slave labourers, 100s of trapped men work, from Burma and kidnapped or tricked into fishing
Label shrimp as product of slavery:
-lawsuit against Costco (in California) – stop Costco from buying shrimp from Thailand – workers on “ghost ships” – on boat kept in caged areas to prevent escaping – whipped with toxic stingray tails.

Question 10

explain von thunens agricultural land model

Answer 10

Von Thunen Agriculture Land Use Model:

• based on 1) cost of land
  2) distance to get food to market
• See example online, the sooner the expiry date the closer you have to be to the city/primary market.

Question 11

unit 3 long answer: define and explain how the industrialization of agriculture has resulted in

1) adding 5 different categories of things to food
2) less ownership

Answer 11

Bananas: 80% traded by 5 companies

5 categories:
1) additives:
90% of food budget=procesed
–substances intended to change the food in some way before it is sold,
-improves look, taste, and shelf life
2) antibiotics
-to kill bacteria in food
ex: more cows in area=more waste=more E. Coli
3)gmos
70% of processed foods contain Genetically modified ingredients
4)hormones
animals grow faster and bigger
-2/3 of cattle injected with them in the US
-concern they might be harmful

5)pesticides
over 1 billion tons used every year
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