Unit 3 Flashcards
Classical era, civilizations, empires, major religions (43 cards)
How did Rome grow in size?
By conquering nearby civilizations
Identify one way the geography of Rome was different than the geography of Greece.
Rome was not divided by mountains, their empire was protected by the mountains, while Greece was divided by mountains which caused the Greek city-states to be unable to unite causing them to fight each other.
What geographic factors made it possible for the Romans to unite the Italian peninsula?
There were no mountains dividing the Italian peninsula
Describe the location of the Mediterranean sea complex.
The Med. sea complex was at the southeastern tip of Europe, the northeastern tip of Africa, Southwest Asia, this included the Med. sea.
Which body of water helped merchants trade their goods?
The Mediterranean sea
What were the Indus River Valley civilizations two largest settlements and what made them more sophisticated than other settlements at that time?
Harrapa and Mohenjo Daro were the largest settlements of the Indus River valley civilizations. These settlements had a grid street pattern and drainage systems.
Describe the location of ancient Greece
Ancient Greece was located in Southeastern Europe along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea
What effect did the Punic wars have on Rome’s dominance over other regions?
Rome defeated Carthage and had almost absolute dominance over the region.
Who fought in the Punic wars?
Rome and Carthage fought in the Punic wars
How did the Punic wars begin?
Rome and Carthage fought in the Punic wars because they were rival traders who both wanted full control of the med sea region and Sicily.
Who was Alexander the great and how did he gain power?
Alexander the great was the son of a prominent military leader. He was a soldier who ruled Rome and gained power by conquering Persia India and Egypt and united all those areas into one huge Kingdom which fell apart after he died and became the three Hellenistic Kingdoms.
Was Athens government a true democracy?
Yes I believe Athens government was a true democracy because the people held the power, they were able to vote directly on rules, and they had a system of checks and balances so those who held power wouldn’t become corrupt, and social class didn’t affect your ability to hold power.
Who was Shi Haungdi?
Shi haungdi was the emperor of China who ruled during the Zhou dynasty. He unified China by ending the warring states period, he was also the first Chinese ruler to hold sole power.
What was Chna like politically before Shi Haungdi’s rule and how did it change once he began his rule?
Before he ruled China was divided and was at war with itself, after he began his rule he unified China and enforced the policy of legalism.
How did legalism help Shi Haungdi gain and maintain power?
Legalism gave Shi Haungi complete power over China and he used this policy to enforce harsh punishments when a rule he made was broken. This prevented revolts against Shi.
From whom did the Romans borrow many of their ideas about literacy, religion, and architecture?
Romans borrowed most of their culture ideas from Greece.
Which Religions, ideas, and technologies were spread through the silk road?
Buddhism, Islam, gunpowder, the magnetic compass, horses, and maritime technology were spread through the silk road.
What is Hellenistic culture?
Hellenistic culture is the combination of Indian, Roman, Persian, and Egyptian culture.
How did Shi Haungdi expand trade in China?
Shi had a standardized road system, money system, and weight system. Having roads made it possible to easily carry goods from place to place, the weight system made sure that everyone was paying the same price for the same amount of goods, and the money system made everyone able to buy things and exchange goods easily and quickly.
How did Hellenistic culture spread?
Hellenistic culture spread when Alexander the greats large kingdom broke apart into the 3 Hellenistic Kingdoms.
Explain the social Hierarchy of the Roman empire.
The Roman empire had a social hierarchy consisting of 4 social classes. The patricians who were the highest class and wealthy landowners, the plebians who were the majority of the Roman population they were lower class working citizens who at first couldn’t hold power but later gained this right, freedmen who were once slaves but highly educated so they ended up taking jobs in the government or were tradesmen or farmers they were not considered citizens but their children were given full citizenship, slaves were not considered human but property they had no legal rights and were acquired from nearby civilizations conquered by Rome.
How did Christianity impact the lives of Christians living in the Roman empire?
Christians living in the Roman empire were persecuted openly for being followers of Jesus until the edicts of Milan and Thessalonica which declared Christianity the official religion of Rome.
Why is Hinduism considered both a monotheistic and polytheistic belief system?
It is considered to be monotheistic because the gods they worship are all different variations of one god but it is considered to be polytheistic because they worship many gods.
Why did Buddhism reject the caste system?
They rejected the caste system because they didn’t believe in reincarnation they believed in rebirth and reaching nirvana and enlightenment by following the 8 fold path.
