Unit 3 AOS 1

Question 1

Fuel

Answer 1

A fuel is a substance with stored energy that can undergo a reaction to release energy (heat).

Question 2

Fossil Fuel

Answer 2

• A fuel (carbon-based) formed from the remains of living organisms that lived millions of years ago.
• NON-RENEWABLE

Question 3

Examples of Fossil Fuel

Answer 3

• Coal
• Petroleum
• Natural Gas

Question 4

Biofuel

Answer 4

• A fuel (carbon-based) that is produced from renewable, organic resources, especially biomass (organic matter).
• RENEWABLE

Question 5

Examples of Biofuel

Answer 5

• Bioethanol
• Biodiesel
• Biogas

Question 6

Renewable

Answer 6

• Produced at a faster rate than consumed (e.g., biogas)

Question 7

Non-Renewable

Answer 7

• Consumed faster than they are formed (e.g., Coal, oil, natural gas)

Question 8

Photosynthesis

Answer 8

6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l) → C6H12O6 (aq) + 6O2 (g)

Question 9

Cellular Respiration

Answer 9

C6H12O6 (aq) + 6O2 (g) → 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l) + ATP

Question 10

Fermentation

Answer 10

C6H12O6 (aq) →2C2H5OH (aq)+2CO2 (g)

Question 11

Exothermic

Answer 11

• Products have less energy than reactants
• Energy is released to the surroundings
• NEGATIVE ΔH
• Final-Initial (when calculating)

Question 12

Endothermic

Answer 12

• Products have more energy than reactants
• Energy is absorbed from the surroundings
• POSITIVE ΔH
• Initial-Final (when calculating)

Question 13

Activation Energy (Ea)

Answer 13

• The minimum energy required by reactants in order to react
• Highest Point - Reactants (calculation)

Question 14

Molar Enthalpy Change (ΔH)

Answer 14

• Molar Enthalpy: Energy released by 1 mol of fuel

ΔH = (enthalpy of products) - (enthalpy of reactants)

• ΔH=q÷n = Kj/mol
• ΔH=q÷m = Kj/g

Question 15

Hydrolysis

Answer 15

A hydrolysis reaction is the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.