unit 3- aos 3 Flashcards
(55 cards)
what is operations management
operations management is responsible for the conversion of the inputs (labour, time, capital equipment, raw materials) into the outputs.
what is the relationship between operations management and achieving business objectives.
to achieve these business objectives, operations management will seek to use strategies to improve quality, manage materials, use technology, and reduce waste. As a result of these strategies, operations management aims to increase productivity rates and improve the quality of the goods and services they produce. This in turn will hopefully lead to a better reputation with costumers, higher quantities of products being sold, lower costs per unit, and higher profit margin. This should lead to greater profits, increased market share, and fulfilling market needs, thereby achieving the business objectives.
what are inputs
inputs are the resources used by a business to produce gods and services.
what are processes
processes are the actions performed by a business to transform inputs into outputs.
what are outputs
outputs are the final goods or services produced as a result of a business’s operations system, that are delivered or provided to customers.
what are manufacturing businesses
manufactured businesses use resources and raw materials to produce a finished physical (tangible) goods. They are capital intensive meaning that the business uses a high degree of machinery and equipment during it’s production process.
What are service businesses
service businesses provide intangible products, usually with the use of specialised expertise (produces intangible). Service businesses are labour intensive, meaning it uses a high degree of employee involvement during it’s production process.
what is an automated production line
an automated production line is where a serious of machine and workstations are arranged in sequence to perform tasks automatically with little to no employee involvement.
what are advantages and disadvantages of automated production line
advantages
- increased productivity
- jobs are less labour intensive
- high establishment costs
- if production solely relies on APL, production may need to stop if machinery breaks down.
what are robotics
robotics are programmable machines that can operate tasks automatically. Robots are used to perform specialised tasks with high levels of precisions and accuracy within a business’s operations.
what are the advantages and disadvantages of robots
advantages
- improved safety as the robots can perform dangerous tasks rather than the employees performing these tasks.
- robots can perform longer hours without as many breaks as humans, improving the amount of work that is being performed.
disadvantages
- loss of jobs and unemployment may occur
- initial costs for robots are expensive
what is CAD
computer- aided design is a software system that enables a product to be create in digital form, modified, analysed and tested before it is put into production.
what are advantages and disadvantages for CAD
advantages
- allows businesses to determine material requirements, preventing under stocking and overstocking.
- designs can be altered without the need to manually reprogram machines, improving flexibility.
disadvantages
- employees need to undergo training to learn how to use the software which can take time and increase costs.
- work is more prone to being hacked, potentially requiring significant investment into cyber security.
what is CAM
computer-aided manufacture is the use of software and machinery that allow computers to direct and control the manufacturing process.
what are the ad and disad of CAM
advantages
- the machines are consistent, improving the quality of the end product. they are more accurate than humans would be trying to produce a product by reading the design.
disadvantages
- computer errors can occur, slowing down production
- initial set up costs can be expensive
what is Ai
artificial intelligence refers to systems or machines that mimic human intelligence to perform tasks that are traditionally done by humans.
what are the ad and disad of Ai
advantages
- ability to speed up processes within operations as data can be analysed and tasks performed quicker than humans
- can perform repetitive jobs, allows employees to take on more complex tasks
disadvantages
- the program can make errors as it relies on the human data that is being implemented
- initial cost of implementing Ai can be very high.
what are online services
online services allows business to connect to their costumers in some way over an internet connection
what are the advantages and disadvantages of online services
Advantages
- A website means that a business is accessible for sales 2 hours a day, 7 days a week.
- Reduces the costs of labour and of leasing or purchasing physical space.
Disadvantages
- Designing, registering and publishing a website may initially be expensive and time-consuming.
- Websites and applications can suffer outages or ‘go down. This can be very frustrating for customers and business may lose sales or have its reputation affected.
what is materials management
materials management is the planning, organising and controlling of a business supplies, aiming to ensure the business has the right type of materials (stock), in the right quantities and at the right time.
what is forescasting
forecasting is a materials management strategy that involves predicting future demand for products based on historical data, market trends, and seasonal variations. It is a process used by operations managers to ensure that a business has the right number of materials available precisely when needed.
what are the advantages and disadvantages of forecasting.
Advantages:
- Allows businesses to anticipate seasonal changes and adjust order to save costs and wastage.
-Helps prevent overordering.
Disadvantages
- Making use of historical data does not necessarily quarantine that the past events will continue into the future.
- Forecasting to some degree will always be inaccurate- this strategy provides a guesstimate.
what is master production schedule
mater production schedule is a plan that describes what is to be produced, in what quantities, where and when.
what is advantages and disadvantages of material requirement planning
advantages
- By completing a mater production schedule, an operations manager will be able to predict the future needs of the business and determine the materials required.
- Both strategies allow a business to schedule changes when new products are introduced- these benefits provide a business with flexibility.
Disadvantages
- Once materials are ordered and employees are scheduled to work, it can be difficult to interrupt the process and make changes.
- The cost of implementing both strategies can be inhibitive for many businesses- software and other resources may need to be purchased to facilitate each strategy, and training may also be required.
