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MLT 1010 > Unit 3 - Basic Hemostasis (vocab) > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Basic Hemostasis (vocab) Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

adhesion

A

the act of two parts or surfaces sticking together

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2
Q

aggregation

A

the collecting of separate objects into one mass

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3
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

abnormal thickening and hardening of the arterial walls, causing loss of elasticity and impaired blood circulation

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4
Q

atherosclerosis

A

a form of arteriosclerosis in which lipids, calcium, cholesterol, and other substances deposit on the inner walls of the arteries

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5
Q

coagulation

A

the process of forming a fibrin clot

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6
Q

coagulation factors

A

a group of plasma proteins (and the mineral calcium) involved in blood clotting

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7
Q

collagen

A

a protein connective tissue found in skin, bone, ligaments, and cartilage

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8
Q

Coumadin

A

an anticoagulant drug derived from coumarin that is administered orally to prevent blood clotting or to reduce the risk of clots; a trade name for warfarin

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9
Q

D-dimer

A

the smallest cross-linked fibrin degradation fragment formed from the breakdown of polymerized fibrin by plasmin

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10
Q

embolus (pl. emboli)

A

a mass (clot) of blood or foreign matter carried in the circulation

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11
Q

endothelium

A

the layer of epithelial cells that lines blood vessels and the serous cavities of the body

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12
Q

FDPs

A

fibrinogen or fibrin monomer degradation products formed when plasmin cleaves fibrinogen or fibrin monomers into protein fragments; formerly called fibrin split products

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13
Q

fibrin

A

a protein formed from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin

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14
Q

fibrinogen

A

a plasma protein produced in the liver and converted to fibrin through the action of thrombin

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15
Q

fibrinolysis

A

enzymatic breakdown of a blood clot

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16
Q

glycoprotein

A

a protein molecule having a carbohydrate component

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17
Q

hemorrhage

A

uncontrolled bleeding

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18
Q

hemostasis

A

the process of stopping bleeding, which includes clot formation and dissolution

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19
Q

heparin

A

an anticoagulant used therapeutically to prevent thrombosis; also used as an anticoagulant in certain laboratory procedures

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20
Q

inhibitor

A

a substance that retards or stops a process or chemical reaction

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21
Q

intravascular

A

within the blood vessels

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22
Q

ionized calcium

A

in the body, a mineral that plays an important role in hemostasis

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23
Q

megakaryocyte

A

a large bone marrow cell from which platelets are derived

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24
Q

plasmin

A

an enzyme that binds to fibrin and initiates breakdown of the fibrin clot (fibrinolysis)

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25
plasminogen
the inactive precursor of plasmin
26
prothrombin
the precursor of thrombin; factor II
27
sequestered
isolated or set apart from the whole
28
thrombin
a protein formed from prothrombin by the action of thromboplastin and other factors in the presence of calcium ions; factor IIa
29
thrombus (pl. thrombi)
a blood clot that obstructs a blood vessel
30
vasoconstriction
narrowing of the diameter of a blood vessel
31
warfarin
an anticoagulant drug taken to prevent blood clotting or to reduce the risk of clots
32
XDPs
degradation products formed by plasmin action on cross-linked fibrin and containing the D-dimer fragment
33
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
a bleeding disorder characterized by widespread thrombotic and secondary fibrinolytic reactions
34
epistaxis
nosebleed
35
hemophilia
a bleeding disorder resulting from a hereditary coagulation factor deficiency or dysfunction
36
immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
a blood disorder characterized by purpura in skin and mucous membranes and low platelet count caused by the destruction of platelets by antiplatelet autoantibodies; also called idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
37
NSAIDs
an acronym for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
38
petechiae
small, purplish hemorrhagic spots on the skin; very small purpura
39
purpura
purple-colored areas that can occur in the skin, mucous membranes, or organs and that are caused when small blood vessels leak
40
recombinant
referring to molecules or cells created as a result of genetic engineering
41
thrombocytopathy
abnormal platelet function
42
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
a blood disorder with varied causes and characterized by formation of clots in the small vessels, consumption of platelets, and skin purpura
43
von Willebrand's disease (vWD)
an inherited platelet disorder associated with decreased platelet adhesion and a bleeding tendency
44
activated clotting time (ACT)
a test that assesses the effect of heparin on the ability of blood to clot
45
heparin
an anticoagulant used therapeutically to prevent thrombosis; also used as an anticoagulant in certain laboratory procedures
46
enzyme
a protein that causes or accelerates change in other substances without being changed itself
47
hypercoagulation
a greater tendency than normal for blood to coagulate
48
international normalized ratio (INR)
a way of reporting a prothrombin time that takes into consideration the sensitivity of the prothrombin thromboplastin reagent used and the mean prothrombin time of a normal population
49
international sensitivity index (ISI)
a value assigned to each lot of prothrombin thromboplastin reagent to compensate for variations in sensitivities of thromboplastin from different sources
50
prothrombin ratio
a comparison of a patient's prothrombin time result with the mean prothrombin time of a normal population
51
prothrombin time test
a coagulation screening test used to monitor oral anticoagulant therapy
52
vitamin K
a vitamin essential for production of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X
53
activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
the time required for a fibrin clot to form when CaCl2 is added to citrated plasma that has been activated with partial thromboplastin reagent
54
partial thromboplastin
the lipid portion of thromboplastin, available as a commercial preparation; formerly called cephaloplastin
55
D-dimer
the smallest cross-linked fibrin degradation fragment formed from the breakdown of polymerized fibrin by plasmin
56
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
occurrence of a thrombus within a deep vein, usually of the leg or pelvis
57
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
a hemostasis emergency characterized by widespread circulatory thrombotic events coexisting with fibrinolytic events
58
FDPs
fibrinogen or fibrin degradation products formed when plasmin cleaves fibrinogen or fibrin monomers into protein fragments; formerly called fibrin split products
59
pulmonary embolism (PE)
occlusion of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches, usually caused by an embolus that originated in a deep vein of the leg or pelvis
60
sepsis
the presence of microorganisms and/or their toxic products in the blood or other tissues
61
XDPs
degradation products formed by plasmin action on cross-linked fibrin and containing the D-dimer fragment

MLT 1010 (5 decks)

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