Unit 3: Compounds and Nomenclature

Question 1

Ion

Answer 1

an atom or molecule with an electric charge

an atom that forms positive ions will lose electrons and neg will gain

Question 2

oxidation number

Answer 2

the charge after it has lost or gained

Question 3

cations

Answer 3

metals

pos charge (usually)

Question 4

anions

Answer 4

non-metals

neg charge (usually)

Question 5

properties of ionic bonds

Answer 5

1. they are usually crystalline solids so they are often brittle
2. they have high melting points and high boiling points
3. they are usually soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents(oils)
4. they conduct electricity when dissolved in water or when melted

Question 6

properties of covalent bonds

Answer 6

1. usually low boiling and melting points
2. various colors
3. poor conductors of heat and electricity
4. brittle or soft solids
5. usually soluble in organic solvent but not water

Question 7

ionic compound

Answer 7

when a metal combines with a non-metal it is caled an ionic compound. it is all called a formula unit

Question 8

1

Answer 8

mono

Question 9

2

Answer 9

di

Question 10

3

Answer 10

tri

Question 11

4

Answer 11

tetra

Question 12

5

Answer 12

penta

Question 13

6

Answer 13

hexa

Question 14

7

Answer 14

hepta

Question 15

8

Answer 15

octa

Question 16

9

Answer 16

nona

Question 17

10

Answer 17

deca

Question 18

type 1 COMPOUND

metal group IA or IIA

Answer 18

1. write name of metal first
2. write non-metal second and change to ide

Question 19

type 2 COMPOUND

transition metal with one charge

Answer 19

1. write name of metal
2. write non-metal second and change to ide

Question 20

type 3 COMPOUND

transition metal that changes charge

Answer 20

1. write metal with its charge in parenthesis
2. write non-metal second and change to ide

Question 21

type 4 COMPOUND

polyatomic ions

Answer 21

1. follow 1-3 for metal
2. if non-metal is polyatomic ion, use its given name

Question 22

naming non-metal/non-metal molecules

Answer 22

1. write name of non-metal farthest left or lower on the periodic table first
2. write name of non-metal farthest right or higher on periodic table and then change to ide

Question 23

electron sea model

Answer 23

valence e- are shared among all of the atoms

Question 24

metallic bond

Answer 24

attraction of cation and sea of electrons

Question 25

properties of metallic bonds

Answer 25

malleable, durable, ductile, good heat and electricity conductors

Question 26

alloys

Answer 26

physical combination of 2 or more metals | like brass is copper and zinc

Question 27

chemical bond

Answer 27

force that holds atoms together ## Footnote valence electrons are involved in chemical bonds which are indicated by the A group roman numeral -atoms are most stable when they have 8 valence electrons meaning no bonding (noble gases)

Question 28

gaining and loosing electrons

Answer 28

metals lose electrons and become positively charged and non metals gain electrons and become negatively charged

Question 29

ionic bonds form....

Answer 29

from the electrostatic force that exists between opposite charges, they are formed between metals and non-metals