UNIT 3 DIAGNOSTIC PARASITOLOGY

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE

Motility of trophozoites is best demonstrated using Lugol’s Iodine

Answer 1

FALSE (Lugol’s Iodine is used to determine the parasitic structure)

Question 2

TRUE OR FALSE

Improper placement of coverslip often leads to the formation of air bubbles in the fecal smear

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

What reagent acts as a clearing agent in the Kato-Katz preparation?

Answer 3

Glycerol, Glycerine solution

Question 4

What is considered as the golden standard for the diagnosis of malaria?

Answer 4

Thin & Thick blood smear

Question 5

What is the specimen of choice for the diagnosis of pinworm infections?

Answer 5

Cellophane swab/ Scotch-tape specimen

Question 6

How many grams of basic fuchsin are needed to dissolve in the liquefied phenol?

Answer 6

1 gram

Question 7

5% formalin consist of ___ ml of formaldehyde and ____ ml of distilled water or saline

Answer 7

50 ml; 950 ml

Question 8

Lugol’’s solution is a direct part in what type of diagnostic test?

Answer 8

Direct Fecal Smear

Question 9

NSS or Normal Saline Solution contains what percent of NaCl?

Answer 9

0.85% NaCl

Question 10

Simplest and easiest technique to facilitate detection of intestinal parasites that infected subjects pass in their feces

Answer 10

Direct Fecal Smear

Question 11

Small amount of fresh feces is mixed with either saline to _________ or lugol’s iodine to ________

Answer 11

detect protozoan motility; reveal the parasite structure

Question 12

When examining diarrheic or liquid feces containing mucus, both preparations should be applied to what part of the stool sample?

Answer 12

mucous part

Question 13

Diagnostic test used to monitor large-scale treatment programs implemented for the control of soil-transmitted helminth infections because of its simple format and ease of use in the field.

It quantifies eggs and establishes the burden of intestinal infection

Answer 13

Kato-Katz Technique

Question 14

Manner of reporting of previous technique

Answer 14

Eggs per gram stool (epg)

Question 15

TRUE OR FALSE

To speed up clearing and examination, the slide can be placed in a 40 degree celsius incubator or kept in direct sunlight for several minutes.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

TRUE OR FALSE

A. lumbricoiodes, T trichiura, and hookworm eggs will remain visible and recognizable for many months.

Answer 16

FALSE (hookworm eggs clear rapidly and will no longer be visible after 30-60 minutes)

Question 17

For all except Schistosome eggs, keep the slide for one or more hours at room temperature to clear the fecal material prior to examination under the microscope.

Answer 17

FALSE (should be HOOKWORM EGGS not Schistosome eggs)

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE

Schistosome eggs may be recognizable for up to several months but it is preferable to examine the slide preparations within 24 hours.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

In using the kato-katz technique, the smear should be examined systematically where multiplying the appropriate factor to give the no. of epg of feces. What are the factors to be used if you are using:

1. ) 50 mg template
2. ) 20 mg template
3. ) 41.7 mg template

Answer 19

20; 50; 24

Question 20

This solution provides an isotonic environment when your are observing the stool for DFS analysis

Answer 20

Normal Saline Solution

Question 21

Stain used in Direct Fecal Smear to show the trophozoites

Answer 21

Nair’s Methylene Blue

Question 22

Why is it important to use the right amount of stool in the Direct Fecal Smear preparations?

Answer 22

if the stool sample is more concentrated, the components inside the stool will be difficult to identify and differentiate from each other

Question 23

When placing the coverslip on the samples in a Direct Fecal Smear, what action will make the stool sample spread out?

Answer 23

Capillary Action

Question 24

TRUE OR FALSE

The use of a cover slip will slow down the process of drying and prevent the drying process.

Answer 24

FALSE (it can only slow down the process of drying)

Question 25

TRUE OR FALSE In the Kato-Katz technique, the consistency of the stool is the main determinant for the sensitivity of this technique and it can only be done on freshly formed stool and not on liquid and preserved samples.

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

Another type of test similar to kato-katz in which it is used to quantify parasites especially in helminth infections

Answer 26

McMaster

Question 27

This is used as the clearing agent as well as to maintain the color of the mixture in the kato-katz technique

Answer 27

glycerol-malachite green

Question 28

When examining a sample where the kato-katz technique has been used under the microscope, what objective should you use to observe the specimen?

Answer 28

Low Power objective

Question 29

TRUE OR FALSE in blood smears, the Thick smear is used to identify malarial parasites while the Thin smear is used in the rapid diagnosis of malarial infection

Answer 29

FALSE (Thin is used for identification of parasites while Thick is used for diagnosis)

Question 30

This stain used in blood staining: the red cells stain pale red white cell nuclei stain purple eosinophils stain bright purple red neutrophils stain deep pink purple

Answer 30

Giemsa Stain

Question 31

This stain used in blood staining: light red erythrocytes bright blue leukocyte nuclei bright red eosinophilic granules pink neutrophilic granules.

Answer 31

Wright's Stain

Question 32

TRUE OR FALSE in wright's stain, it does not need to undergo fixation because it contains alcohol

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

The best type of specimen to be used in a blood smear.

Answer 33

non-additive blood sample

Question 34

The difference between the Giemsa Stain and Wright's Stain

Answer 34

their pH, Giemsa is more basic

Question 35

TRUE OR FALSE Thick blood film that will be stored for an extended period prior to staining should be dehemonoglobized and then thoroughly dried.

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

What component in the Giemsa stain provides a better staining of the malarial parasite?

Answer 36

Azure B

Question 37

TRUE OR FALSE After making the thin and thick smears, both are fixed with 100% absolute methanol.

Answer 37

FALSE (only the THIN smear is fixed with methanol)