Unit 3- Energy Flashcards
(23 cards)
Work-Energy Theory Equation
W=Ek2-Ek1
Kinetic energy is…
The energy of an object due to its motion (Joules).
Gravitational Potential Energy refers to…
The energy possessed by an object due to its position relative to the surface of Earth (Joules).
Law of Conservation of Energy
Total energy before = Total energy after
Total Mechanical Energy Equation
Et= Ep+Ek
Power is…
The rate at which energy is transformed or the rate at which work is done (watts).
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Describes motion of molecules or atoms in a substance in terms of kinetic energy.
Thermal Energy
The total amount of kinetic and potential energy possessed by the atoms or molecules of a substance (Joules).
Heat
The transfer of thermal energy from a substance with a higher temperature to a substance with a lower temperature.
Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance (Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin).
-273°C
Absolute zero: particles stop moving.
Conduction
Heat from contact (ex: spoon in hot soup).
Convection
Heat through air/gas (ex: hot-air balloon).
Radiation
Heat without touching (ex: microwave).
Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C (J/kg*°C).
Principal of Thermal Energy Exchange
When thermal energy is exchanged from a warmer object to a colder object, the amount of energy released by the warmer object is equal to the amount of energy absorbed by the colder object.
Latent Heat
Energy released or absorbed by a substance during a change of state.
Latent Heat of Fusion (Lf)
The energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid.
Latent Heat of Vaporization (Lv)
The energy required to change a substance from liquid to gas.
Solid -> Liquid Calculation
Q=mLf
Liquid -> Solid Calculation
Q=-mLf
Liquid -> Gas Calculation
Q=mLv
Gas -> Liquid Calculation
Q=-mLv
