Unit 3 Flashcards

Question

Broca's area- Wernicke's area-

Answer 1

-Language Production -Language Comprehension

Answer 2

-the needs, wants, interests, and desires that propel people toward behavior. - Goal directed behavior.

Answer 3

an internal state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activity that should reduce this tension. (be biological or emotional, biological- getting sick and obtaining a fever which could cause sweating in order to help regulate your body temperature.)

Answer 4

Trying to get back to normal. The regulation of an internal environment.

Answer 5

External goals that are motivated behavior. (Ex. Ice Cream is more of an incentive then a carrot for a child.)

Answer 6

Motives of humans and other species to maximize survival for other species.

Answer 7

hypothalamus and the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

Answer 8

performs double duty as a neurotransmitter in the nervous system and as a hormone in the endocrine system.

Answer 9

-The natural hormone secreted by our pancreas. - Hormone that regulates your long-term hunger response.

Answer 10

palatability, quantity, stress, exposures to food cue

Answer 11

Learned associations- classical conditioning, eating habits shaped- observational learning, food preferences- exposure

Answer 12

conducted groundbreaking research in the 1960s, using physiological recording devices to monitor the bodily changes of volunteers engaging in sexual activity.

Answer 13

Excitement phase, Plateau phase, Orgasm Phase, Resolution Phase

Answer 14

a projective test which requires a subject to write or tell stories about what is happening in pictures of people in ambiguous scenes.

Answer 15

Cognitive- how does one think about that experience. (fearful) Physiological- bodily arousal. (sweating) Behavioral- the over expression of the emotion. (running away)

Answer 16

Autonomic Arousal starts in the thalamus which goes to the amygdala to the hypothalamus

Answer 17

central role in modulating emotions because it can process emotional information independent of cognitive awareness.

Answer 18

the part of the brain that is known for its role in voluntary control over emotional reactions.

Answer 19

event, physiological response, interpretation, emotion

Answer 20

event, physiological response and emotion

Answer 21

event, physiological response, identify the reason, emotion

Answer 22

(1937) claimed there were thousands of different terms to describe ones personality.

Answer 23

(1950-60’s) used factor analysis to narrow down personality into 16 dimensions. And thus created a personality test.

Answer 24

Openness to experience- associated with curiosity, flexibility, vivid fantasy, imaginativeness, artistic sensitivity, and unconventional attitudes.

Answer 25

Conscientiousness-associated with diligent, disciplined, well organized, punctual, and dependable.

Answer 26

Extraversion-associated with outgoing, sociable, upbeat, friendly, assertive, and gregarious

Answer 27

Agreeableness- associated with people who are sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, modest, and straightforward.

Answer 28

Neuroticism- associated with scores signify that a person is anxious, hostile, self conscious, insecure, and vulnerable

Answer 29

focus on unconscious mental processes.

Answer 30

Primitive, instinctive component of personality that operates according to the pleasure principle. (An impulsive part of our personality or think of a toddler mentality) Exists in the deep level of awareness.

Answer 31

The decision-making component that operates according to the reality principle.

Answer 32

Moral component that incorporates social standards about right and wrong. (you wouldn’t be thinking consciously such as making the decision of forgiving someone)

Answer 33

ID (gratify urges immediately), Superego (holds urges in check with mortality), Ego (holds urges in check with reality)

Answer 34

where you justify unacceptable behavior with excuses. *Ex. You blame your teacher for a bad grade on your test instead of admitting you didn't put any effort into it

Answer 35

burying distressful thoughts in the unconscious. *Ex. When someone has a traumatic experience with no remembrance of it.

Answer 36

attributing your own thoughts and feelings to someone else. *Ex. You accuse your mother in law for being angry at you but you are truly the angry one.

Answer 37

behaving in a way that is the exact opposite of one’s true feelings. *Ex. Mean girls scene with vintage skirt. (Acting the exact opposite of how you feel about someone)

Answer 38

reverting to an immature state or pattern of behavior. *Ex. Road rage.

Answer 39

bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary alliance with some person or group. *Ex. A child begs for a pair of shoes but its because everyone else is wearing them.

Answer 40

diverting emotions from their original source to a substitute target. *Ex. Your boss is having a bad day and they yell at you so you go home and start yelling at your kids even though you’re angry at your boss and not your children.

Answer 41

1. Oral (0-1) 2. Anal (2-3) 3. Phallic (4-5) 4. Latency (6-12) 5. Genital (Puberty and onward)

Answer 42

Created Analytic Psychology

Answer 43

Aspects inherited from your ancestors such as memories and experiences although you might not remember them they remain in your unconscious.

Answer 44

Created Individual Psychology

Answer 45

(Operant Conditioning)

Answer 46

developed Social Learning Theory

Answer 47

one of the founders of the humanist movement. His approach is known as Person-Centered Theory

Answer 48

-The person’s self-concept and personal experience are far from each other. -The person’s self-concept is closer to matching the reality or the actual experience.

Answer 49

Theory of Motivation (pyramid model)

Answer 50

believes three dimensions and that these are genetically determined in individuals. (You are who you are because of your DNA)

Answer 51

(provided proof that genetics definitely influence personality)

Answer 52

from conception to about 2 weeks. Cells are dividing and splitting, then attaching to the uterine wall.

Answer 53

From week 3 to 2 months. The heart, brain, and spine are being formed during this time. The greatest vulnerability time frame that could have a lasting effect on the baby’s development.

Answer 54

from 3rd month all the way to birth. Muscles and bone are now forming, as well as sex organs, eyes, and ears are developing. Everything is growing in size in order to be viable outside the womb.

Answer 55

Stress, nutrition, and drugs

Answer 56

When babies first obtain coordination in the upper part of their body and then the lower part of the body. (A baby develops neck muscles first) (Picking their head up)

Answer 57

When babies learn how to control their truck or core of their body faster than other parts. (Rolling over)

Answer 58

the study of one group of participants repeatedly over a period of time.

Answer 59

a study that compares groups of participants of differing ages at a single point in time.

Answer 60

conducted a now-famous study in which he removed monkeys from their mothers at birth and raised them in a laboratory with two different kinds of substitute mothers - a cloth mother and a wire mother. Half the monkeys were fed from a bottle attached to the cloth mother, and half were fed by the wire mother.

Answer 61

a prominent British psychoanalyst, citing Harlow’s findings and Konrad Lorenz’s research on imprinting, he asserted that attachment has a biological basis. (Infants are programmed by evolution)

Answer 62

Ainsworth developed a method called the strange situation procedure to assess the quality of attachment between 1-2-year-old infants and their caregivers.

Answer 63

the baby is bonding within that first year of love with their caregiver. Infants will play and explore when the caregiver is around, become upset when they leave, and quickly calm down when they return.

Answer 64

Infants are anxious when the caregiver is near, protest when they leave, not comforted when they return.

Answer 65

Infants seek little contact with their caregiver, often are not distressed when they leave.

Answer 66

Stage 1- Trust vs. Mistrust.... Stage 2-Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Stage 3- Initiative vs. Guilt Stage 4- Industry vs. Inferiority Stage 5- Identity vs. Confusion Stage 6- Intimacy vs. Isolation Stage 7- Generativity vs. Sel-Absorbtion Stage 8-Integrity vs. Despair

Answer 67

A baby exploring through all their senses (toys with sounds,lights, and colors for sensory stimulation) (Object permanence- something a baby is developing through the sensorimotor stage, for example if mom leaves the room they wont think shes coming back because they can’t see her or hear her. Can take from 9 months to a year)

Answer 68

They are going to have challenges understanding operations such as: Irreversibility, Centration, Egocentrism, Animism, and Conservation

Answer 69

*He was most interested in a person’s reasoning for their moral judgement, not necessarily their answer.

Answer 70

acts are considered wrong or right based on whether or not they are punished for them. Not getting caught.

Answer 71

see rules as necessary for maintaining social order. Because it’s the rule.

Answer 72

where acts are individually judged by a personal code of ethics. Ex. A poor man is right in stealing bread for his family because life takes precedence over rules.

Answer 73

is a premature commitment to a role prescribed by one’s parents.

Answer 74

involves delaying commitment and engaging in experimentation with different roles.

Answer 75

is a state of lack of direction and apathy, where a person does not confront the challenge and commit to an ideology.

Answer 76

involves arriving at a sense of self and direction after some consideration of alternative possibilities.

Unit 3 Flashcards

(100 cards)