Unit 3 - Heart

Question 1

What is the function of the foramen ovale during fetal life?

Answer 1

Allowing blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium.

Question 2

Which of the following is used to reduce friction between the layers of membranes surrounding the heart?

Answer 2

Pericardial fluid

Question 3

The membrane that surrounds and protects the heart is called the

Answer 3

Pericardium

Question 4

Cardiac muscle fibers are electrically connected to neighboring fibers by

Answer 4

Gap junctions

Question 5

Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle tissue?

Answer 5

Myocardium

Question 6

Which structure in the heart initiates action potentials that stimulate contraction of the heart at constant rate of about 100 beats per minute?

Answer 6

Sinoatrial node

Question 7

Which of the following chambers of the heart contain deoxygenated blood?

Answer 7

Right atrium and right ventricle

Question 8

Which of the following selections lists conditions that would lead to increased stroke volume ?

Answer 8

Increased preload, decreased after load, increased contractility.

Question 9

Contraction of the atria of the heart leads to blood moving directly

Answer 9

Through atrioventricular valves

Question 10

The apex of the heart is normally pointed

Answer 10

To the left of the midline

Question 11

Why is the myocardium of the left ventricle thicker than the myocardium of the right ventricle?

Answer 11

….

Question 12

Which of the following EKG waves represents atrial depolarization?

Answer 12

P wave

Question 13

Identify the pouch-like structure that increases the total filling capacity of the atrium.

Answer 13

Auricle

Question 14

Heart murmurs are often heard in individuals with abnormalities in the _______ of the heart

Answer 14

Valves

Question 15

In comparison to a sedentary individual, a well-trained athlete will usually have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Answer 15

A higher resting cardiac output

Question 16

Identify the grove found on the surface of the heart and marks the boundary between the right and left ventricles.

Answer 16

Anterior interventricular sulcus

Question 17

Cardiac output is the volume of the blood ejected from the ——— ventricle into the ——— each minute

Answer 17

Left or right, aorta or pulmonary trunk

Question 18

Blood leaving the left ventricle passes through which of the following structures ?

Answer 18

Aortic semilunar valve

Question 19

The difference between a person’s maximum cardiac output and resting cardiac output is called the

Answer 19

Cardiac reserve

Question 20

Which valve below prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle ?

Answer 20

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 21

In comparison to skeletal muscle fibers, the contractile fibers of the heart are depolarized for ——— period of time.

Answer 21

A longer

Question 22

Which of the following correctly lists the sequence of structures that a cardiac action potential follows in order to excite normal contraction of the heart?

Answer 22

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

Question 23

Which of the following terms identifies the anatomical region found between the lungs that extends from the sternum to the vertebral column and from the first rib to the diaphragm?

Answer 23

Mediastinum

Question 24

The second heart sound, (dupp) closely follows which of the events listed below?

Answer 24

Semilunar valves closing

Question 25

Which network of specialized cardiac muscle fibers provide a path for each cycle of cardiac excitation to progress through the heart?

Answer 25

Cardiac conduction system

Question 26

Which of the following vessels supplies blood to the intestines?

Answer 26

Mesenteric artery

Question 27

During embryonic development, blood cells are formed from

Answer 27

Pluripotent stem cells

Question 28

Which of the following types of tissues contains continuous capillaries ?

Answer 28

Skeletal, smooth, connective, lungs (All of these choices)

Question 29

Which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction?

Answer 29

Tunica media

Question 30

Which layer of the arterial wall is primarily composed of elastic and collagen fibers?

Answer 30

Tunica externa

Question 31

This type of shock is due to decreased blood volume

Answer 31

Hypovolemic

Question 32

Which of the following effectors would NOT be activated as described below in response to hypovolemic shock?

Answer 32

Systemic arterioles vasodilate

Question 33

Which of the following blood vessels carries blood from the tissues back to the heart?

Answer 33

Veins

Question 34

Which of the following structures are found in veins but NOT arteries?

Answer 34

Valve

Question 35

All the veins of the systemic circulation eventually drain into the

Answer 35

Superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus

Question 36

When the umbilical cord is tied after birth, the umbilical arteries close by filling in with

Answer 36

Connective tissue

Question 37

CHECK OTHER EXAM

Question 38

The pulmonary circulatory route carries blood from the

Answer 38

Right ventricle to the left atrium

Question 39

Normal blood pressure for an adult male is

Answer 39

120/80

Question 40

Which of the following categories would an individual with a blood pressure of 145/95 be placed in?

Answer 40

Stage 1 hypertension

Question 41

Which of the following vessels drains blood from the lower leg?

Answer 41

Tibial vein

Question 42

Abnormal conditions such as atherosclerosis and patent ductus arteriosus cause a large increase in the

Answer 42

Pulse pressure

Question 43

Which of the following blood vessels carries blood away from the heart to other organs?

Answer 43

Arteries

Question 44

When an artery or arteriole is damaged, it’s smooth muscle layer contracts producing

Answer 44

A vascular spasm

Question 45

When chemoreceptors in blood vessels detect high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, they stimulate all of the following changes EXCEPT

Answer 45

Decreased respiratory rate

Question 46

What do the following arteries have in common: superficial temporary artery, brachial artery, and common carotid artery ?

Answer 46

They are all common pulse points

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a contribution of the cardiovascular system to other body systems ?

Answer 47

Blood carries carbon dioxide to body tissues and removes oxygen for use by other organs

Question 48

All of the following aid in venous return of blood to the heart EXCEPT

Answer 48

Blood viscosity

Question 49

Elastic arteries function as

Answer 49

Pressure reservoirs

Question 50

In resting individuals, which vessels serve as a large blood reservoir from which blood can be quickly diverted to other vessels as needed?

Answer 50

Veins and venules