Unit 3 - LAB2 - Physiological Addiction (ALCOHOL)

Question 1

Which explanations do we use to explain alcohol addiction?

Answer 1

Cognitive and Learning explanations

Question 2

What 3 behaviours does the cognitive approach say faulty cognitions are the cause for?

Answer 2

Initiation
Maintenance
Relapse

Question 3

According to the cognitive approach, initiation, maintenance, and relapse are caused by what?

Answer 3

Faulty cognitions

Question 4

As alcohol is a depressant, what negative feelings can it cause?

Answer 4

Depression

Question 5

The self-medication model of the cognitive approach suggests people use alcohol to counteract what ?

Answer 5

Physical and psychological problems

Question 6

Alcohol has a stimulating effect - true or false

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Alcohol is what type of drug?

Answer 7

Depressant

Question 8

According to the cognitive approach, what 3 causes can make someone INITIATE an alcohol addiction?

Answer 8

Trauma
Anxiety
Chronic pain

Question 9

Why do people MAINTAIN an alcohol addiction according to the cognitive approach?

Answer 9

They assume it is helping to manage their problems

Question 10

Which explanations do we use to explain alcohol addiction?

Answer 10

Cognitive and Learning explanations

Question 11

As alcohol is a depressant, what feelings will it reduce?

Answer 11

Anxiety

Question 12

As alcohol is a depressant, what negative feelings can it cause?

Answer 12

Depression

Question 13

According to the cognitive approach, initiation, maintenance, and relapse are caused by what?

Answer 13

Faulty cognitions

Question 14

Depression can be caused by alcohol because it is a …?

Answer 14

Depressant

Question 15

Which type of locus of control is associated with relapsing?

Answer 15

External

Question 16

Which type of locus of control is associated with AVOIDING relapse?

Answer 16

Internal

Question 17

Anxiety can be reduced in the short term by alcohol because it is a …?

Answer 17

Depressant

Question 18

What is meant by cognitive dissonance?

Answer 18

Conflict of competing beliefs

Question 19

How can cognitive dissonance explain alcohol relapse?

Answer 19

Someone may WANT to stop drinking, but they may BELIEVE they can’t

Question 20

What needs to be high in order to quit alcohol addiction, according to the cognitive approach?

Answer 20

Self-efficacy

Question 21

According to the cognitive approach, what 3 causes can make someone INITIATE an alcohol addiction?

Answer 21

Trauma
Anxiety
Chronic pain

Question 22

What is meant by self-efficacy?

Answer 22

Belief in yourself

Question 23

Which type of locus of control is associated with AVOIDING relapse?

Answer 23

Internal

Question 24

Which type of locus of control is associated with AVOIDING relapse?

Answer 24

Internal

Question 25

Which type of locus of control is associated with relapsing?

Answer 25

External

Question 26

What is meant by cognitive dissonance?

Answer 26

Conflict of competing beliefs

Question 27

"Withdrawal symptoms cause feelings of __________ in someone trying to quit alcohol"

Answer 27

Anxiety

Question 28

What needs to be high in order to quit alcohol addiction, according to the cognitive approach?

Answer 28

Self-efficacy

Question 29

Which ideas from learning approach can be used to explain the initiation of an alcohol addiction?

Answer 29

Operant conditioning

Question 30

What is meant by operant conditioning?

Answer 30

Learning through consequence (reinforcements and punishments)

Question 31

What is meant by classical conditioning?

Answer 31

Learning through association

Question 33

What is meant by positive reinforcement?

Answer 33

Receiving a reward for an action / behaviour

Question 34

What is meant by negative reinforcement?

Answer 34

Performing a behaviour to AVOID a negative consequence

Question 35

WHAT AM I? "Performing a behaviour to avoid a negative consequence"

Answer 35

Negative reinforcement

Question 36

WHAT AM I? "Performing a behaviour to receive a reward"

Answer 36

Positive reinforcement

Question 37

WHAT AM I? "Learning through consequences"

Answer 37

Operant conditioning

Question 38

WHAT AM I? "Learning through associations"

Answer 38

Classical conditioning

Question 39

Positive and negative reinforcement are concepts from which type of conditioning?

Answer 39

Operant conditioning

Question 40

"Classical conditioning is learning through rewards" True or false

Answer 40

False

Question 41

What positive reinforcement do alcoholics receive from drinking?

Answer 41

Positive feelings - dopamine reward pathway is activated

Question 42

What negative consequence do alcoholics AVOID by drinking alcohol?

Answer 42

High levels of stress and anxiety

Question 43

How can we use negative reinforcement to explain INITIATION of an alcohol addition?

Answer 43

They drink alcohol to AVOID high levels of stress and anxiety

Question 44

What type of conditioning can be used to explain MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

Answer 44

Operant conditioning

Question 45

What type of reinforcement can be used to explain MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

Answer 45

Negative reinforcement

Question 46

What 3 things do alcohol addicts AVOID by their MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

Answer 46

- Stress and anxiety - Psychological withdrawal - Physiological withdrawal

Question 47

What 3 things do alcohol addicts AVOID by their MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

Answer 47

- Stress and anxiety - Psychological withdrawal - Physiological withdrawal

Question 48

WHAT AM I? "Performing a behaviour to avoid a negative consequence"

Answer 48

Negative reinforcement

Question 49

What concepts does the learning approach use to explain RELAPSE in an alcohol addict?

Answer 49

Operant and classical conditioning

Question 50

What do alcoholics AVOID by RELAPSING?

Answer 50

Withdrawal symptoms

Question 51

What may an someone ASSOCIATE with their alcohol addiction which may cause them to relapse?

Answer 51

People and places

Question 52

How can negative reinforcement be used to explain MAINTENANCE of an alcohol addiction?

Answer 52

Continue drinking to avoid physiological and psychological withdrawal symptoms