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Biology > Unit 3 - Life on Earth > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Life on Earth Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Food Chain definition

A

The sequence of what eats what in a community

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2
Q

Food Web

A

The network of interrelated food chains in a community

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3
Q

Carnivore

A

An organism that eats animals

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4
Q

Herbivore

A

An organism that eats plants

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5
Q

Omnivore

A

An organism that eats both animals and plants

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6
Q

Producer

A

A plant that produces chemical energy by photosynthesis

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7
Q

Primary Consumer

A

An organism that eats a producer

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8
Q

Secondary Consumer

A

An organism that eats a primary consumer

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9
Q

Tertiary Consumer

A

An organism that eats a secondary consumer

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10
Q

Quaternary Consumer

A

An organism that eats a tertiary consumer

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11
Q

Predator

A

An organism that hunts for its food.

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12
Q

Prey

A

An organism which is hunted

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13
Q

Population

A

The number of organisms of the same species in an area

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14
Q

Community

A

All of the organisms living in a habitat

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15
Q

Ecosystem

A

All the organisms (community) living in a particular habitat and the non living components (abiotic factors) that affect them

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16
Q

Abiotic

A

A non living factor which can affect an organism

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17
Q

Biotic

A

A living factor that affects an organism

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18
Q

Species

A

A group of similar organisms which interbreed to produce fertile offspring

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19
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety of species in an area.

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20
Q

Habitat

A

The area in which an organism or group of organisms live.

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21
Q

Niche

A

A role that an organism plays within a community

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22
Q

Features of a niche - Resources / Conditions

A

Light, Nutrients availability, Temperature

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23
Q

Features of a niche - Interactions

A

Competitions, Predation, Parasitism

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24
Q

What do plants compete for

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A

Light, water, nutrients, space to grow

25
What do animals compete for
Food, territory, water, mates
26
Interspecific Competition
Individuals of a different species competing for one or a few resources required
27
Intraspecific Competition
Individuals of the same species competing for all resources required
28
Abiotic Factors
Light intensity Moisture pH Temperature
29
Biotic Factors
Grazing Predation Disease Food Availability Competition for resources
30
Sampling for small insects
Pitfall trap
31
Sampling for number of organisms
Quadrats
32
Sampling for soil moisture
Moisture meter
33
Sampling for pH
pH meter
34
Sampling for Light
Light meter
35
Sampling temperature
Thermometer
36
Pitfall Limitations
Only measures insects in the trap, not any species outside
37
Ways to reduce pitfall limitations
Increase the number of pitfall traps in an area Ensure the trap is steep enough
38
Moisture meter limitations
Prope not deep enough Not wiping down between measurements
39
pH meter limitations
Probe not being wiped down after uses
40
Ways to reduce moisture limitations
Wipe down probe after each use
41
Light meter limitations
Shadow being casted on probe
42
Ways to reduce light limitations
Put light meter south Keep meter out of shade
43
Temperature limitations
Not being allowed to adjust to the new temperature
44
Ways to reduce temp limitations
Give time for thermometer to adjust
45
Finding the diversity of living things on a line
Transect sampling
46
Indicator Species
Species that indicate the levels of pollution by their presence or absence
47
Stage 1 photosynthesis name
Light Reaction
48
Stage 2 photosynthesis
carbon fixation
49
Light reaction
Light energy trapped by chlorophyll Converted into chemical energy (then ATP) Water is split into O2 and H Oxygen diffuses out of the cell
50
Carbon Fixation
A series of enzyme controlled reactions where Hydrogen, ATP and CO2 are used ot make glucose
51
Glucose uses in cell
Starch (storage) Cellulose (structure)
52
Limiting Factors
CO2 Concentration Light Intensity Temperature
53
What limits the rate of photosynthesis
Whatever is in least supply (called limiting factors)
54
Where is the majority of energy lost in each level of the food chain
Heat Movement Undigested Materials
55
What is the small quantity of energy not lost in the food chain used for
Growth
56
What is a pyramid of numbers
Looks at the total number of organisms in the food chain, bottom to top
57
What shapes to the biological pyramids make
Larger at the bottom to smaller at the top, unless a large producer such as a tree, or parasite at the top of chain
58
What is a pyramid of energy
Measures how much energy is in each part of the food chain.

Biology (3 decks)

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