Unit 3 List 1 Macromolecules

Question 1

Macromolecule

Answer 1

A large molecule that is often polymer of thousands of covalently bonded of atoms thats formed the repetitive linking of smaller chemicial units

Question 2

Organic

Answer 2

relating to or derived from living matter.

Question 3

Monomer

Answer 3

a small molecule that can react with other monomers to form a larger molecule called a polymer.

Question 4

Polymer

Answer 4

a substance composed of very large molecules, or macromolecules, formed by repeating structural units called monomers connected by covalent chemical bonds

Question 5

Carbohydrates

Answer 5

any of a large group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose, containing hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water (2:1) and used as structural materials and for energy storage within

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids.

Question 7

Fatty acids

Answer 7

a carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group, especially any of those occurring as esters in fats and oils.

Question 8

Protein

Answer 8

any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that have large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.

Question 9

Amino Acids

Answer 9

Amino acids are molecules that combine to form proteins.

Question 10

Enzymes

Answer 10

Enzymes are biological catalysts, typically proteins, that accelerate specific chemical reactions within living organisms without being consumed in the process

Question 11

Catalyst

Answer 11

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

Question 12

Nucleic acids

Answer 12

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain

Question 13

Nucleotide

Answer 13

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Question 14

Hormone

Answer 14

a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues int

Question 15

Steroids

Answer 15

any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms (three six-membered and one five). They include many hormones, alkaloids, and vitamins.

Question 16

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 16

Dehydration synthesis is the creation of larger molecules from smaller monomers where a water molecule is released.

Question 17

Hydrolysis

Answer 17

the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.