Unit 3: Roads to Revolution

Question 1

What are the 3 criteria to make something a revolution?

Answer 1

1. Upset with the status Quo or see a need for a change. (Status Quo= The existing status of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues. The way things are.
2. Present a plan. (people or a person must present a plan that seems better than the status quo.
3. Plan put in ACTION and change happens. (Plan should be followed and the change should happen… at least for a period of time.
   *If all 3 criteria are NOT met, it is NOT a revolution. It is a REBELLION.

Question 2

What is a revolution?

Answer 2

• A forcible overthrow of a government or social order, in favor of a new system.
  (3 criteria must be met for a revolution to happen.)

Question 3

What is tragic neccesity

Answer 3

-Something tragic that occurred but was needed for a necessary change to the status quo. It could be for the greater good but there will be negative consequences.
EX:
-braces for straight teeth
-put a pet to sleep if it was suffering
**Tragic necessity is clearly connected to historical perspective.

Question 4

What was the renaissance?

Answer 4

A period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries (Social Revolution)

Question 5

What is humanism?

Answer 5

• cultural movement on classical for literature from ancient world
• liberal arts were reintroduced (grammar, music, logic, arithmetic, ect.)
• in The Renaissance.

Question 6

What is classical scholarship?

Answer 6

Studying class world of ancient Greeks and Romans that was part of humanism in The Renaissance.

Question 7

What is secularism?

Answer 7

A belief that religion should not be the center of human affairs and life should be an opportunity for enjoyment+pleasure the people believed in in The Renaissance

Question 8

What is individualism?

Answer 8

The habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant that people believed in in The Renaissance.

Question 9

What was Christian Humanism?

Answer 9

The studying and focus on love, peace, and simplicity with/for God that people believed in in The Renaissance.

Question 10

Who was Leonardo da Vinci?

Answer 10

An Italian polymath of the Renaissance who was active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect.

Question 11

What is protestant reformation?

Answer 11

A section that focused on a religious revolution that worked to combat the corruption of the catholic church at the time (Religious Revolution).

Question 12

Who was Martin Luther?

Answer 12

• Lived in 1500’s
• Was going to be a lawyer
  -Got caught in a storm and prayed to God that if he survived he would become a priest
• Survived and became a priest
• In Rome he saw all the church problems and doubts them
• Made 95 Thesis
  -Made the church change its bad ways
• In protestant reformation

Question 13

What was the 95 Thesis?

Answer 13

a List of complaints about the church that Martin Luther made that was part of the protestant reformation

Question 14

What was the Catholic Reformation?

Answer 14

An act to make changes to the Catholic Church to stop the spread of Protestantism

Question 15

What was indulgence?

Answer 15

a document given by the pope that forgave a person from the consequences of the sins he or she committed that people wanted to end in the protestant reformation

Question 16

What was the Scientific Revolution

Answer 16

the series of events that led to modern science

Question 17

What is the scientific Method?

Answer 17

a step-by-step process for performing experiments and other scientific research that was made during the scientific revolution

Question 18

Who was Ptolemy?

Answer 18

the first person to come up with the theory that the earth was the center of the universe in the 100’s and people started questioning this in the scientific revolution

Question 19

Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?

Answer 19

wrote a book about how the earth and planets revolved around the sun, instead of the opposite that helped people in the scientific revolution

Question 20

Who was Galileo Galilei?

Answer 20

first to see craters and mountains on the moon in the scientific revolution

Question 21

Who was Isaac Newton?

Answer 21

Made many theories (like the law of gravity and law of motion) in the scientific revolution

Question 22

What was the National Assembly?

Answer 22

The 3rd Estate when decided to have their own meetings since they had no power who started the French Revolution

Question 23

What were the 3 Estates?

Answer 23

1. Church officials
2. Nobility + Monarch
3. Peasants + Commoners (98% of population)

(The estates before the french revolution)

Question 24

Who was King Louis XVI?

Answer 24

The wealth of France and brought it to the brink of bankruptcy during the french revolution

Question 25

Who was Marie Antoinette?

Answer 25

Gave poor advice to King Louis XVI Given given expensive gifts, travels, and servants during the french revolution

Question 26

Who were the Jacobins?

Answer 26

- wanted king Louie gone - wanted a republic - against national assembly -big part of the french revolution

Question 27

Who was Maximilien Robespierre?

Answer 27

- killed by guillotine -because of his policies many feared for their lives and as a result executed him - n July 1793, he was elected to the Committee of public safety - big part of french revolution - leader of Jacobins

Question 28

what was the Reign of Terror?

Answer 28

period that lasted nearly a year where suspected enemies of the french revolution were murdered

Question 29

What was the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 29

-the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing -(social/technological revolution)

Question 30

What is child labor?

Answer 30

the use of children as workers, servants and apprentices that started in the industrial revolution