Unit 3- Socialization Flashcards
(22 cards)
Socialization
Interacting, Communicating, and cooperation with others
Personality
A sum of your actions, beliefs, and behaviors
How does culture influence development
Basically epigenetics; experiences can change certain genetic traits
Nature v. Nurture
Psychologists argue for nature; instinctual behavior, sociologists argue for nurture; Learned behavior
Heredity
Characteristics present at birth + aptitudes
Parental Characteristics
Factors including parenting style, level of education, occupations, etc can influence a Childs behavior
Birth order
Can shape/ change traits because it changes the way you’re able to interact with others Ex. Only children don’t know how to settle arguments and are less willing to share
Environment
Norms and values instilled are determined by media, peers, mentors, status, etc
Harlow Rhesus Monkey Experiments
Comfort can become as or more important than food and water to an infant
Conclusions drawn from Feral children
There’s a critical period to learn language, they make it difficult to know if mental deficiencies are present from birth or from isolation
Rene Spitz Orphanage Studies
When mothers are absent for more then three months it causes severe damage; children become physically, mentally, and emotionally challenged
Erik Erikson’s 8 stages
Overcoming and Failing conflicts throughout the stages of life:
Trust vs Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs Guilt
Industry vs Inferiority
Identity vs Confusion
Intimacy vs isolation
Generativity vs Stagnation
Integrity vs Despair
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
(Think of that stealing morality video)
Pre-Conventional - Obedience an Punishment
Conventional - Authority and Social Order
Post-Conventional - Universal ethical principals
Cooley’s “Looking Glass Self”
We have an image of ourselves based on how we think others see us
Mead’s Theory of Role Taking
Our whole life is acting out a role- we assume the roles of another individuals to understand their point of view.
4 Agents of socialization
Family
Peers
School
Media
School Socialization- Written v. Unwritten Curriculum
Written- Facts, theories, ideas, skills
Unwritten- life lessons, peer interactions, role playing
Bandura’s Bobo Experiment
(Think of giant doll video)
People learn through observation, mostly aggression;
Attention, Retention, Reproduction*
Total Institutions
Setting where people are isolated from the rest of society and subjected to tight control Ex. Jail
Resocialization
Learning a new set of values and norms, changing a persons personality
Methods of Resocialization
Ultimate goal of taking away individuality by,
Shaving Head
Conformity
Humiliation
Reward/Punishment
4 Influences of personality development
Heredity
Birth Order
Environment
Parental Characteristics
