Unit 3 Terminology

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

Ethics studies the morality of an individual, group or culture. So, it attempts to deduce what is morally right or wrong and if their beliefs are reasonable.

Question 2

Good

Answer 2

Good is separate from personal benefit and is morally grounded as something objectively beneficial or morally right.

Question 3

Evil

Answer 3

Evil can be morally evil or natural evil. Moral evil are acts that can be controlled like murder and stealing. Whereas natural evil are like natural disasters such as cyclones or floods.

Question 4

Value

Answer 4

Values are the fundamental beliefs that an individual follows and lives by. They assist and guide a person through making choices in life on what they believe is morally right or wrong.

Question 5

Absolutism

Answer 5

Absolutism is the belief that there is a set of universal morals that everyone follows which means that despite any circumstances, there is always a right or wrong.

Question 6

Relativism

Answer 6

Relativism is the belief that there are no set universal morals that all cultures follow or believe in. Instead, it is the belief that every culture have their own morals.

Question 7

Morality

Answer 7

Morality is what an individual personally believes is right or wrong. This can be influenced by the group or culture that they are in.

Question 8

Hedonism

Answer 8

Happiness or pleasure is essentially good whereas pain and suffering is essentially evil.

Question 9

Virtue

Answer 9

Attitudes, dispositions or character strengths.

Question 10

Duty

Answer 10

Something that one is expected or required to do.

Question 11

Utility

Answer 11

Actions judged by its usefulness to promote pleasure.