Unit 3 Test

Question 1

nomadic

Answer 1

People that don’t stay in a permanent place and move around constantly.

Question 2

The Nile River

Answer 2

Longest river in the world. Is in Eastern Africa. Flows south to north and created a long fertile river valley for fresh water and farming.

Question 3

Canaan

Answer 3

The home of the Israelites.

Question 4

monotheism

Answer 4

The belief in one god.

Question 5

The Jordan River

Answer 5

Is in Western Asia and flows from the sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea sandwiched by the Negew desert to the West and Syrian Desert to the East. Created a narrow, grassy hilly river valley.

Question 6

Judaism

Answer 6

The oldest monotheistic religion.

Question 7

Abraham

Answer 7

A prophet who brought Judaism to his people.

Question 8

Moses

Answer 8

Led the Israelites out of slavery, brought them back to Canaan, brought 10 commandments from god to the people.

Question 9

Prophet

Answer 9

A messenger for god.

Question 10

Jewish Diaspora

Answer 10

Scattering of jews out of their homeland; exiled.

Question 11

exile

Answer 11

When you are banished from a place.

Question 12

persecution

Answer 12

Ill-treatment of people based on religious or political beliefs.

Question 13

Hatshepsut

Answer 13

Regent for underage son, then became pharaoh herself. Built obelisks to advertise herself and built the Deir-el Bahri temple for herself.

Question 14

Valley of the Kings

Answer 14

A desert valley where pharaohs were put to rest below this valley to prevent tomb robbers.

Question 15

The Holocaust

Answer 15

An extreme case of anti-semitism that happened in WWII

Question 16

genocide

Answer 16

Systemic killing of a particular group of people.

Question 17

golden age

Answer 17

A time of peace and prosperity

Question 18

pharaoh

Answer 18

Highest social status in Egyptian Empires; rulers of the kingdoms.

Question 19

vizier

Answer 19

The second highest power in Egyptian Empires; government officials

Question 20

sarcophagus

Answer 20

A stone coffin Egyptians were put to rest in.

Question 21

hieroglyphics

Answer 21

Pictures that represent sounds that were used by scribes.

Question 22

ma’at

Answer 22

The balance your heart has to have to have in order to live a life after death and not be eaten by Ammut

Question 23

Book of the Dead

Answer 23

A collection of spells which enable the soul of the deceased to navigate through the afterlife

Question 24

Khufu

Answer 24

Old Kingdom pharaoh. Built the Great Pyramids of Giza.

Question 25

King Taharqo

Answer 25

Napata Period. Added temples surrounding the Jebel Barkal. Ruled over Eqypt and Kush.

Question 26

Jebel Barkal

Answer 26

Mountain south of Napata where they believe life started.

Question 27

Queen Amanirenas

Answer 27

Created a peace treaty with Rome. One-eyed(Lost eye in battle) queen who fought off roman invasion.

Question 28

kandake

Answer 28

Female rulers which were common in the Meroe period of the Kush empire.

Question 29

How has Anti-Semitism evolved over time.

Answer 29

In Ancient Babylon, Greece, and Rome, Jews were criticized and persecuted for their efforts to remain a separate cultural group rather than following those empires religion. In 63 BCE Romans conquered Jerusalem. In 70 CE Romans destroyed the center of Jewish life. In 130 CE Romans attacked Jerusalem and exiled Jews from Canaan.

Question 30

Describe the Egyptian Gods.

Answer 30

Atum: Creator god; sun god; created the universe; aka Ra. Popular creator god during Old Kingdom. Falcon head with sun disc. Amun-Ra: Creator god; sun and air god; created the universe; merged with Ra. Popular creator god during new kingdom. Bearded man sometimes with two vertical "plumes", sometimes a ram's head. Anubis: Protector of the dead. God of funerals; protector in afterlife. Jackal head. Horus: Sky god; protector of pharaohs. Pharaoh= living Horus. Falcon head and holds ankh(symbol of eternal life) Isis: Goddess of funeral rites. Mom of Horus, wife of Osiris, sister of Seth and Nephthys. Tine white throne on head Osiris: God of earth, death, and resurrection. Dad of Horus, husband of Isis. Holds crook and flail of kingship; white crown; skin is blue(represents death), black(represents earth), green(represents resurrection) Thoth: God of writing and knowledge. Recorded the deeds of the dead. Ibis head. Seth: God of war, chaos, and storms. Husband of Nephthys, brother of Osiris and Isis, dad of Anubis. Ma'at: Goddess of truth, justice and order. Daughter of Amun or Atum. Depicted as an ostrich feather, hangs out with Thoth. Ammut: "The devourer". Demon that eats dead if they were bad. Croc face, lion front half, hippo back half. Four Cardinal Directions and sons of Hourus Hapi: Represents north; Depicted with a baboon head; Guards lungs. Imsety: Represents south; depicted with a human head; guards liver. Duamutef: Represents east; depicted with a jackal head; guards stomach. Qebehsenuef: Represents west; depicted with a falcon head; guards the intestines.

Question 31

Describe the two Egyptian Kingdoms

Answer 31

Old Kingdom- The age of the pyramids New kingdom- Golden age, increased trade

Question 32

Describe the roles of the different social classes in ancient Egypt

Answer 32

Pharaoh- Ruler Vizier- Government officials Priests- In charge of mummification process and religion. Scribes- Recorded tax collection; wrote what needed to be written Artesans- Skilled laborers. Peasants- Farmers

Question 33

What are the major natural resources of Kush

Answer 33

Gold, Timber, and Iron.

Question 34

Describe the three Kushite periods

Answer 34

Kerma- United all of Sudan, absorbed by New Kingdom of Egypt around the time of Hatshepsut. Napata- Taharqo rules over two kingdoms; golden age; conquered Egypt; tried to conquer Assyrians Meroe- Center of Iron trade in Africa and the dominance of female rulers called kandakes

Question 35

Describe the relationship between Egypt and Kush. What did they borrow and adopt from each other?

Answer 35

On and off relationship. The Kushites adopted the Egyptian pyramids, the god Amun-Ra, and hieroglyphs. They traded goods.

Question 36

All Egyptians shared what cultural belief?

Answer 36

Everyone goes to the afterlife, but you have to live a life of ma'at to live a life after death and not be eaten by Ammut.