Unit 3 Test

Question 1

Guiding Behaviour

Answer 1

words and actions caregivers use to influence children’s behaviour

Question 2

positive behaviour

Answer 2

actions and reactions that are appropriate in a time, place and situation

Question 3

negative behaviour

Answer 3

unacceptable or misbehaviour

Question 4

discipline

Answer 4

helps people learn how to behave in a way that helps them get along in society

Question 5

punishment

Answer 5

does not help children develop socially or emotionally and can hinder development

Question 6

direct guidance

Answer 6

-physical guidance(helping, showing)
-verbal guidance(using words)

Question 7

indirect guidance

Answer 7

-arranegments of space
-time schedules
-setting an example

Question 8

socialization

Answer 8

prepares people for social life by teaching them a group’s shared norms, values, beliefs and behaviours

Question 9

verbal communication

Answer 9

speaking effectively (the verbal component of a message)

Question 10

paraverbal communication

Answer 10

the way that we say the words, including the sound of voice

Question 11

non-verbal communication

Answer 11

contributes the meaning of a message through facial expressions, gestures, posture, attire and grooming

Question 12

one way communication

Answer 12

speaking to get a point across but no answer from someone else

Question 13

two way communication

Answer 13

speaking to get a point across and there is an answer or rebuttal from someone else

Question 14

conflict

Answer 14

disagreement between two parties

Question 15

bias

Answer 15

in favour of one thing more than the other

Question 16

prejudice

Answer 16

a preconceived opinion or judgement

Question 17

discrimination

Answer 17

treating someone unfairly because of their culture or identity

Question 18

stereotype

Answer 18

a specified image or idea of something that may be wrong

Question 19

self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 19

a prediction of behaviour that creates an environment that causes the prediction to come true

Question 20

observation

Answer 20

a key responsibility of early childhood educators

Question 21

documentation

Answer 21

a tool to make children’s learning visible (can help practitioners gain greater insight into a child’s thinking)

Question 22

interpretation

Answer 22

creating holistic picture of children’s experiences, development and learning

Question 23

why are limits important?

Answer 23

they let children know which behaviours are not permitted

Question 24

What are the 12 prevention and 7 interventions that can be used for guidance strategies?

Answer 24

PREVENTION:
-establish consistent, simple limits
-offer straight forward explanations
-state limits positively
-focus on behaviour
-state what is expected
-provide choices
-allow time for child to respond
-reinforce appropriate behaviour
-ignore minor incidents
-encourage using you as a resource
-observe and pay attention
-be present

INTERVENTIONS:
-gain attention positively/respectfully
-remind child of limits
-acknowledge feelings before setting limits
-redirect or advert attention
-model problem solving
-involve child in determining limits
-use natural/logical consequences

Question 25

What are some groups of people that influence our socialization

Answer 25

-family -school -peers -media

Question 26

What are “I” statements? Why are they so useful

Answer 26

using "I" instead of "you" they allow the speaker to express what they are feeling, rather than criticizing

Question 27

effective listening skills

Answer 27

-hearing an understanding a persons non-verbal cues -involving with the person -requires concentration and energy -physical attention

Question 28

reflective listening

Answer 28

-focus on the facts and ideas -paraphrase what they say -evaluate and reflect on how the speaker feels

Question 29

What are some verbal and non-verbal communication barriers

Answer 29

VERBAL: -attacking -"you" -showing power -shouting NON-VERBAL: -rolling eyes -moving fast -crossing arms/legs -slouching -avoid eye contact

Question 30

List the 11 communication strategies you can use with children

Answer 30

-patience -child-friendly language -stay calm -wait until child is calm -soft voice -get on their level -body language -no negative words -sandwich criticism between positives -1 or 2 instructions at a time -use "I"

Question 31

What are the four components of our “communication checklist”?

Answer 31

-repeat/rephrase what the child has said -don't jump in, cut them off or finish their sentences -don't rush into problem solving -prompt the child to tell you how they feel

Question 32

What are the four main reasons children misbehave?

Answer 32

-attention -power -revenge -inadequacy

Question 33

List the 10 specific discipline techniques discussed in class

Answer 33

-fix-up -ignore -be firm -stay in control -seperation -behaviour management -redirection -praise -natural consequences -logical consequences

Question 34

List and describe the 3 R’s of resolving conflict.

Answer 34

-restitution(restore) -resolution(resolve) -reconciliation

Question 35

What are the four main goals of supporting diversity

Answer 35

-supporting children's identity and sense of belonging -encourage children to become comfortable with difference -fostering children's critical thinking about bias -empowering children to stand up for themselves and others in the face of bias

Question 36

Describe strategies you can use when addressing/planning with cultural discrimination, sexual orientation, religion, disabilities and special needs, and socio-economic status in mind.

Answer 36

CULTURAL: -present positive images of people -answers questions about culture honestly SEXUAL ORIENTATION: -create an atmosphere where everyone is valued RELIGION: -obey dietary laws of religion -modest dress for religion DISABILITIES: -choose books that include ALL children -be aware of different attitudes towards disabilities SOCIO-ECONOMIC: -be aware of support services -be aware of financial pressure on parents

Question 37

Choose one of the national support services from the homework questions and describe the services they provide for families in Canada

Answer 37

YWCA -provides supportive housing services for women and their children -provides literacy, life skills, employment and counselling programs