Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Science 2024-2025 > Unit 3 Test Graphic Organizer > Flashcards

Unit 3 Test Graphic Organizer Flashcards

(54 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Describe what happens when objects at different temperatures come into contact.

A

-Their particles will interact.
-Energy will be transferred between them until they both reach the same temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Summarize the process of radiation.

A

The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves, produced by the motion of electrically charged particles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Identify examples of radiation on Earth.

A
  • X-ray
  • Infrared radiation
  • Ultraviolet light
  • Visible light
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Summarize the process of convection.

A

Convection is the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter, due to the differences in density.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identify examples of convection on Earth.

A
  • Ocean currents –> Upwelling
  • When Earth heats rock in its mantle.
  • Dense water sinks to the ocean floor and less dense water moves towards the surface,
  • Warm, less dense air gets pushed up and out by cold, dense air.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is energy transferred by convection?

A

Convection currents form as warm and cool matter rise and fall due to the temperature and density differences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are two types of energy?

A

Kinetic energy: the energy of motion
Potential energy: stored energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are forms of kinetic energy?

A

-Electrical energy
-Radiant energy
-Thermal energy
-Motion energy
-Sound energy

EVEN
RATS
THiNK
MEN
SUCK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are forms of potential energy?

A

-Chemical energy
-Stored mechanical energy
-Nuclear energy
-Gravitational energy

CATS
SCRATCH
NICE
GIRLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are three mechanisms by which energy is transferred?

A
  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Radiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Summarize conduction.

A

Conduction is the transfer of energy from one object to another object through direct contact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Identify examples of conduction on Earth.

A

-When you touch an ice cube and it feels cold.
-When the geosphere and atmosphere transfer energy.
-Between particles of air, and particles of water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Temperature

A

The measure of the AVERAGE kinetic energy of particles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thermal energy

A

The TOTAL kinetic energy of particles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thermal expansion

A

The increase in volume that results from an increase in temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Heat

A

The energy transferred between objects of different temperatures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe a sea and land breeze.

A

-A sea breeze forms during the day, as cooler air
over the ocean flows toward the land.
-A land breeze forms at night, as cooler air from
the land blows toward the water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Summarize the Coriolis effect.

A

The apparent curving of an object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s rotation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Draw the valley & mountain, and sea & land breezes chart.

A

——-> / ^^^/ DAYTIME
___** / /

The air is blowing off of the water towards the mountains, which creates a sea breeze. High pressure on the sea, low pressure on the mountains.

<—— /^^^/ NIGHTTIME
___** / /

The air is blowing off of the mountains towards the water which creates a land breeze. High pressure on the mountains, low pressure on the sea.

I / I
I <—/ I NIGHTTIME
I_________________I

The air is rolling off the mountains and going into the valley creating a mountain breeze. High pressure in the mountains, low pressure in the valley.

I ^ I
I I I DAYTIME
I_______I__________I

The air is coming out of the valley and being pushed towards the mountains creating a valley breeze. Low pressure on the mountains, high pressure in the valley.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Explain why air moves and identify the source of energy that causes air movement.

A

Air moves because of temperature, pressure, and density differences. The source is the sun.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Air travels from _____ pressure areas to _____ pressure areas.

A

Air travels from high pressure areas to low pressure areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

List 2 factors that produce global winds.

Study These Flashcards
A

-Pressure belts at every 30 degrees of latitude.
-The Coriolis effect.

23
Q

List and describe the three major global wind systems.

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Trade winds –> Between 30 degrees latitude.
  2. Westerlies –> Between 30-60 degrees latitude.
  3. Polar Easterlies –> Between 60 degrees latitude.
24
Q

Describe wind.

Study These Flashcards
A

-The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure.

25
What are convection cells?
-The circular patterns that air moves in. -They occur at every 30 degrees latitude, producing pressure belts.
26
Describe global winds.
-Global winds are wind systems that occur at or near Earth’s surface. -They are produced as result of pressure belts and the Coriolis effect.
27
Describe a valley and mountain breeze.
-At night, as air along the mountain slopes cools, it flows down into the valley, creating a mountain breeze. -The sun warms the air on mountain slopes faster than it warms the air in a valley. This results in areas of lower pressure near the mountain tops called the valley breeze.
27
How are global winds produced?
They are produced as result of pressure belts and the Coriolis effect.
28
Define jet streams. Which way does the wind flow?
Jet streams are belts of high speed winds. -They blow from west to east. -They are 7km to 16km above Earth's surface.
29
Define local winds.
The movement of air over short distances.
30
Describe the layers of the atmosphere.
II Troposphere: This girl is so cold, that the particles are separating from her. She gets so high all the time that she is 90 km above Earth's surface. She gets colder as she gets taller. DI Mesosphere: This boy is so cold, that his burns make meteors burn up. He gets high on Saturdays, so he's only 50km above Earth's surface. Honestly, as he gets taller, he gets less hot. II Stratosphere: This girl has so much on her back. She is LITERALLY holding up the ozone layer. She basically never gets high, and she is only 15km above Earth's surface. She gets even hotter the taller she gets. DI Thermophere: This girl is low-key thick. She holds 90% of Earth's mass. She also is my home. Her home I feel like all humans live there. She gets less hot as she gets taller.
31
What is the difference between the polar jet stream, and the subtropical jet stream?
The polar jet stream is in the polars, and the subtropical is in the tropics. When the US and AFRICA are facing front, the arrow goes ---> this way.
32
Why does temperature within the atmospheric layers change?
-Because of the way solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere. -The more gasses that absorb solar energy, the warmer, and vice versa.
33
How and why does air pressure change with altitude in the atmosphere?
As altitude increases, there are less molecules on top of you, therefore the air gets thinner because there is less pressure.
34
What gasses and their percentages make up Earth's atmosphere?
78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 1% Other gasses (skin particles, pollen, carbon dioxide and chemicals)
35
List three chemicals that human activity emits into the stratosphere that depletes the ozone layer. Why is it so important to protect the ozone layer?
1. Bromine 2. Chlorine 3. Nitrous Oxide -We should protect the ozone layer because it filters out the ultraviolet rays from the sun that causes burns.
36
Why are natural greenhouse gases important to our Earth's temperature? List 3 greenhouse gasses that human activity emits into the troposphere. What will happen if humans continue to emit greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere?
1. Nitrogen 2. Methane 3. Carbon dioxide -They help maintain Earth's temperature by insulating it. -If we emit too much, the Earth will become too hot.
37
What are three forms of radiation?
1. Ultraviolet light 2. Infrared radiation 3. Visible light
38
Where does convection occur on Earth?
-Atmosphere -Ground -Water
39
What is kinetic energy?
Energy of motion
40
What is potential energy?
Stored energy
41
Explain the purpose and what was learned in the Modeling Air Movement Lab.
Purpose: To identify convection currents and see how the currents are affected by temperature and density differences. Learned: I learned that warm, less dense air is pushed up and out by cold, denser air. This creates currents that look like this:
42
What is a wind turbine?
A mechanical machine for converting kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy.
43
What is a windmill?
If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such as a pump or grinding stones, the machine is usually called a windmill.
44
What is a wind turbine?
If the mechanical energy is then converted to electricity, the machine is called a wind generator.
45
What is the Savonius wind turbine?
The Savonius turbine is S-shaped if viewed from above. It is useful for grinding grain, pumping water, etc. but its slow speeds make it bad for generating electricity on a large-scale.
46
What is the Darrieus wind turbine?
The Darrieus turbine is the most famous vertical axis wind turbone. It is identified by its C-shaped rotor blades. It is normally built with two or three blades.
47
What is the giromill wind turbine?
The giromill is powered by two or three vertical aerofoils attached by horizontal supports. Giromill turbines work well in turbulent wind conditions and are an affordable option where a standard horizontal axis windmill type turbine is unsuitable.
48
Vertical wind turbine:
Looks like a trident. A wind turbine where the main rotor shaft is vertical, allowing the blades to spin around a vertical axis.
49
Horizontal wind turbine:
What we built in the lab.
50
Specific heat
The amount of heat needed to raise 1g of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
51
Electromagnetic waves:
A form of radiation that travel though the universe.
52
Ultraviolet radiation:
A form of electromagnetic radiation with shorter wavelengths.
53
YOU GOT THIS
I LOVE YOU! Think of how good that 100% is going to feel : )

Science 2024-2025 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions