Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GEN CHEM - FINALS > Unit 3. The Chemistry of Engineering Materials > Flashcards

Unit 3. The Chemistry of Engineering Materials Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

A ___ is a solid waste whose atoms are arranged in a “highly ordered”

A

crystal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A crystal is a solid waste whose atoms are arranged in a “highly ordered.” There patterns are called ___

A

crystal systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A ___ is defined to be a repeating, regular array of atoms

A

crystal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two parts treated separately:

A
  1. Fundamental repeating unit is referred to as the basis (atoms)
  2. Lattice point - position of atoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fundamental repeating unit is referred to as the ___

A

basis (atoms)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

___ - position of atoms

A

Lattice point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

___=LATTICE+BASIS

A

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE=___+____

A

LATTICE+BASIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE=___+____ (other term for lattice)

A

Bravais lattice + basis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

They are the positions an atom, ion, of molecule can occupy in a crystal giving its shape and characteristics

A

Lattice points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Examples of Crystals?

A
  1. Citrine - optimism
  2. Turquoise - grounding
  3. Amethyst - sincerity
  4. Tiger’s Eye - harmonizing
  5. Clear Quartz - balance
  6. Obsidian - strength
  7. rose quartz - love
  8. jasper - empowering
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Properties between those of a conventional liquid and those of a solid crystal

A

Liquid Crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

other term for Liquid Crystals?

A

SOFT CRYSTALS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lack of long range order of repeating

A

Liquid Crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Liquid Crystal Phase Changes

A
  1. Smectic molecules
  2. Nematic molecules
  3. Cholesteric molecules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Liquid Crystal Phase Changes that is parallel and in layers

A

Smectic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Liquid Crystal Phase Changes that is parallel but not in layers

A

Nematic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Liquid Crystal Phase Changes that is in helical layers

A

Cholesteric molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A theory that account for bond strength

A

Crystal Field Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

accounts for both the color and magnetic properties

A

Crystal Field Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explains bonding in terms of electrostatic interactions

A

Crystal Field Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The branch of science that deals with the geometric description of crystals & their internal arrangements

A

Crystallography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Crystallography-geometric
description

A
  1. Isometric
  2. Hexagonal
  3. Tetragonal
  4. Trigonal
  5. Orthorhombic
  6. Monoclinic
  7. Triclinic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

number of lattice in the system (cubic)

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
number of lattice in the system (tetragonal)
2
26
number of lattice in the system (orthorhombic)
4
27
number of lattice in the system (monoclinic)
2
28
number of lattice in the system (triclinic)
1
29
number of lattice in the system (trigonal)
1
30
number of lattice in the system (hexagonal)
1
31
Proposed to explain sharp angles and flat planes (“facets”) of naturally occurring crystals.
Auguste Bravais (1811-1863)
32
Formed the foundation of the field of crystallography
Auguste Bravais (1811-1863)
33
In 1848, French physicist (and crystallographer and applied mathematician) demonstrated that there were only 7 “types” of crystals, embodying14 distinct “symmetries”
Auguste Bravais (1811-1863)
34
Auguste Bravais (1811-1863) demonstrated that there were only 7 “types” of crystals, embodying __ distinct “symmetries”
14
35
The physical properties of single crystals of some substances depend on the crystallographic direction in which measurements are taken
Anisotropy
36
This directionality of properties is associated with the variance of atomic or ionic spacing with crystallographic direction
Anisotropy
37
2 Types of Structure of Crystals
1. Crystalline Structure 2. Noncrystalline Crystals
38
what is included under the Crystalline Structure?
- Single Crystals - Polycrystalline Crystals
39
what is included under the Noncrystalline Crystals?
Amorphous Crystals
40
It is the smallest unit of volume that permits identical cells to be stacked together to fill all space.
Crystalline Structure
41
atoms are situated in a repeating or peodic array over large atomic distances
Crystalline Structure
42
have highly defined and repeatable arrangements of molecular chains of atoms
Crystalline Structure
43
These materials tend to have sharp melting points.
Crystalline Structure
44
common example that tends to have sharp melting points. (Crystalline Structure)
diamonds
45
what are the two Crystalline Structure Examples?
1. SINGLE CRYSTALS 2. POLYCRYSTALLINE CRYSTALS/POLYCRYSTALS
46
the periodic and repeated arrangement of atoms is perfect or extends throughout
SINGLE CRYSTALS
47
all unit cells interlock in the same way and have the same orientation.
SINGLE CRYSTALS
48
They exist in nature, but they can also be produced artificially.
single crystals
49
synthetic single crystals, especially ___ and ___, are used in solid-state electronic devices such as integrated circuits and light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
silicon and gallium arsenide
50
composed of a collection of many small crystals or grains
POLYCRYSTALLINE CRYSTALS/POLYCRYSTALS
51
The grains are separated by grain boundaries and normally have random crystallographic orientations.
POLYCRYSTALLINE CRYSTALS/POLYCRYSTALS
52
the size of the grains may vary from nanometers to millimeters.
POLYCRYSTALLINE CRYSTALS/POLYCRYSTALS
53
Atoms repeat almost perfectly for the entire material
Single Crystal
54
Atoms repeat within a grain. Grains are separated by grain boundaries, where the repeating pattern changes direction.
Polycrystal
55
most inorganic solids are ___, including all common metals, many ceramics, rocks, and ice.
polycrystalline
56
___ have atoms with no periodic arrangement (random order)
Noncrystalline materials
57
___ can result when you have complex structures
Noncrystalline material
58
___ is another name for noncrystalline material
Amorphous material
59
Have order only within a few atomic or molecular dimensions. They do not have any long-range order, but they have varying degrees of short-range order. Examples of amorphous materials include amorphous silicon, plastics, and glasses.
Amorphous (Non-crystalline) Solids
60
small repeating units in a crystal
Unit cells
61
basic structural unit or building block of the crystal structure
Unit cells

GEN CHEM - FINALS (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions