Unit 3 Vocab Flashcards
Clear and Present Danger
Interpretation of the 1st Amendment that holds that the government cannot interfere with speech unless the speech presents a clear and present danger that will lead to evil or illegal acts.
Establishment Clause
In the First Amendment states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. Forbids governmental favor to any or all religions.
Free Exercise Clause
Clause in the 1st Amendment that states that Congress shall make no law prohibiting the free exercise of religion.
Obscene Speech
Unprotected by the First Amendment. Obscenity laws are concerned with prohibiting lewd, filthy, or disgusting words or pictures.
Prior Restraint
Censorship imposed before a speech is made or a newspaper is published; usually presumed to be unconstitutional.
Selective Incorporation
Doctrine preventing states from enacting laws that violate the basic constitutional rights of American citizens.
Exclusionary Rule
A rule that provides that otherwise admissible evidence cannot be used in a criminal trial if it was the result of illegal police conduct.
Affirmative Action
A set of procedures designed to eliminate unlawful discrimination among applicants from which they have been historically excluded.
Equal Protection Clause
Part of the 14th Amendment and says that no state can deny any citizen equal protection of the law.
Preclearance
Process of seeking U.S. Department of Justice approval for changes related to voting or new election laws.
Title IX
Prohibits discrimination based on sex in education programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance.
Voting Rights Act
Outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states, including literacy tests as prerequisites to voting.
