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AP STATS > Unit 3 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 3 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

When a significant number of participants do not return their surveys. This could
result in bias.

A

Nonresponse bias

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2
Q

Every person or object of interest in a study

A

Population

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3
Q

Pick a sample and gather data about their past

A

Retrospective Study

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4
Q

The control treatment used in medical experiments.

A

Placebo

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5
Q

We must __________ aspects of the experiment that we believe will effect
response.

A

Control

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6
Q

A sample in which each group of n units has an equal chance of being selected

A

Simple Random Sample

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7
Q

When you randomly pick a starting point on a list and select every 5th person
thereafter.

A

Systematic Sampling

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8
Q

When individuals from a subgroup of the population are not represented

A

Undercoverage

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9
Q

When both those influencing the results and evaluating the results of an
experiment don’t know which treatment was applied to the participants.

A

Double Blind

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10
Q

When entire groups, which are representative of the population are chosen
randomly for a survey.

A

Cluster Sampling

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11
Q

A hopefully representative subset of the population

A

Representative Sampling

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12
Q

A combination of specific levels of the factors in an experiment. For example, a
new medication plus a high level of exercise.

A

Treatment

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13
Q

In an experiment, you need many subjects in order to assess the variation in
response and be confident our results are not just due to chance or other
variables.

A

Replication

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14
Q

Pick a sample and follow them into the future, observing and collecting data about
the sample.

A

Prospective Study

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15
Q

A data value (such as mean) attributed to the population or used as a value to
model the population.

A

Parameter

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16
Q

When the population is subdivided and random samples drawn from each group.
The groups should each represent a group characteristic which may influence
response.

A

Stratified Sampling

17
Q

A variable that is used to group participants in an experiment before assigning
treatments.

A

Blocking Variable

18
Q

When you can’t determine which variable is effecting the difference in the outcomes of an experiment, then the variables are …..

A

Counfounded

19
Q

Anything in a survey design that influences the response

A

Response Bias

20
Q

When the sample is the entire population, we call this a _______________

A

Census

21
Q

A data value (such as mean) calculated from the sample.

A

Statistic

22
Q

In this experimental design, you first divide the participants into groups based on a variable or characteristic that you believe will affect the response. Then you randomly assign to subjects from each group to treatments.

A

Randomized Blocking
Design

23
Q

The individual persons or objects in the population or sample

A

Participant, Units, Subjects

24
Q

The variables that are manipulated in an experiment are called the …

A

Factors

25
Q

In an experiment, this evens out the effects of variables we cannot control or that we haven’t even thought of.

A

Randomization

26
Q

The participants assigned to a baseline treatment level (not necessarily no
treatment) used for comparison purposes in an experiment are the

A

Control Group

27
Q

The natural tendency of random samples to differ from each other

A

Sampling Variability

28
Q

When either those influencing the results or evaluating the results of an
experiment don’t know which treatment was applied to the participants.

A

Single Blind

29
Q

Conducting a survey when you have no control over who responds such as phone- in surveys

A

Voluntary Response Bias

30
Q

Polls, questionnaires, interviews of a sample of the population are examples of
this.

A

Survey

31
Q

Generic term for the participants, subject, or objects in an experiment.

A

Experimental Unit

32
Q

When an observed difference is too large to be attributed to chance, we say that the difference is __________.

A

Statistically Significant

33
Q

Manipulate the environment and study the effects on individuals or objects. This is
the only way to prove a cause and effect relationship between variables.

A

Experiment

34
Q

A sample in which the statistics gathered mirror the population. The best way to
get this kind of sample is through a design that incorporates randomness

A

Representative Sample

35
Q

When one variable influences another, we say that they have what kind of
relationship?

A

Cause and Effect

36
Q

In this experimental design, all experimental units have an equal chance of
receiving any treatment. We do not group them by any common variable.

A

Completely Randomized
Design

37
Q

A poor sampling method in which you choose subjects that are easy to find

A

Convenience Sampling

38
Q

The list of individuals representing the population from which a sample is chosen

A

Sampling Frame

39
Q

This type of variable is also called the factor in an experiment.

A

Explanatory Variable

AP STATS (1 decks)

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