Unit 3 vocab

Question 1

Acculturation

Answer 1

Process by which people within 1 culture adopt some of the traits of another while still remaining their own distinct culture

Question 2

assimilation

Answer 2

Category of acculturation in which the interaction of 2 culture result in 1 culture adopting almost all of the customs, traditions, languages, and other cultural traits of the other.

Question 3

Centrifugal Force

Answer 3

Force that divides a group of people

Question 4

Centripetal Force

Answer 4

Force that unifies a group of people

Question 5

Collectivist Culture

Answer 5

Culture in which people are expected to conform to collective responsibility within the family and to be obedient to and respectful of elder family members

Question 6

Contagios Diffusion

Answer 6

Process by which an idea or cultural trait spreads rapidly among people of all social classes and levels of power.

Question 7

Crealization

Answer 7

Blending of 2 or more languages that may not include the features of either original language

Question 8

Cultural appropriation

Answer 8

The act of adopting elements of another culture

Question 9

cultural divergence

Answer 9

the process by which cultures become less similar due to conflicting beliefs or other barriers

Question 10

cultural convergence

Answer 10

the process by which cultures become more similar through interaction

Question 11

cultural hearth

Answer 11

an area where cultural traits develop and from which cultural traits diffuse

Question 12

cultural landscape

Answer 12

a natural landscape that has been modified by humans, reflecting their cultural beliefs and values

Question 13

cultural norm

Answer 13

a shared standard or pattern that guides the behavior of a group of people

Question 14

cultural relativism

Answer 14

the evaluation of a culture by its own standards

Question 15

cultural trait

Answer 15

shared object or cultural practice

Question 16

culture

Answer 16

the beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies shared by a society and passed down from generation to generation

Question 17

denomination

Answer 17

a separate church organization that unites a number of local congregations

Question 18

diffusion

Answer 18

the process by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another over time

Question 19

dialect

Answer 19

a variation of a standard language specific to a general area, with differences in pronunciation, degree of rapidity in speech, word choice, and spelling `

Question 20

ethnic neighborhood

Answer 20

a cultural landscape within a community of people outside of their area of origin

Question 21

ethnic religion

Answer 21

a religion that is closely tied with a particular ethnic group often living in a particular place

Question 22

ethnicity

Answer 22

the state belonging to a group of people who share common cultural characteristics

Question 23

ethnocentrism

Answer 23

the tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to preconceived ideas originating from their own culture

Question 24

expansion diffusion

Answer 24

the spread of a cultural trait outward from where it originated

Question 25

gender identity

Answer 25

an individual’s innermost concept of self as male, female, a blend of both, or neither

Question 26

gendered space

Answer 26

a space designed and deliberately incorporated into the landscape to accommodate gender roles

Question 27

gentrification

Answer 27

the renovations and improvements conforming to middle-class preferences

Question 28

Hierarchical diffusion

Answer 28

the spread of an idea or trait from a person or place of power or authority to other people or places

Question 29

Identity

Answer 29

the ways in which humans make sense of themselves and how they wish to be viewed by others

Question 30

isolate

Answer 30

a language that is unrelated to any other known language

Question 31

language

Answer 31

a distinct system of communication that is the carrier of human thoughts and cultural identities

Question 32

language branch

Answer 32

a collection of languages within a language family that share a common origin and separated from other branches in the same family several thousand years ago

Question 33

language family

Answer 33

a group of languages that share a common ancestral language from a particular hearth, or region of origin

Question 34

language group

Answer 34

languages within a language branch that share a common ancestor in the relatively recent past and have vocabularies with a high degree of overlap

Question 35

lingua franca

Answer 35

common language used among speakers of different languages

Question 36

multiculturalism

Answer 36

situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating

Question 37

pilgrimage

Answer 37

a journey to a holy place for spiritual reasons

Question 38

placemaking

Answer 38

a community-driven process in which people collaborate to create a place where they can live, work, play, and learn

Question 39

popular culture

Answer 39

the widespread behaviors, beliefs, and practices of ordinary people in society at a given point in time

Question 40

postmodern architecture

Answer 40

a building style that emerged as a reaction to “modern” designs, and values diversity in design

Question 41

religion

Answer 41

a system of spiritual beliefs that helps form cultural perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and values

Question 42

relocation diffusion

Answer 42

the spread of culture traits through the movement of people

Question 43

sect

Answer 43

a relatively small group that has separated from an established religious denomination

Question 44

secularized

Answer 44

focused on worldly rather than spiritual concerns

Question 45

sense of place

Answer 45

the subjective feelings and memories people associate with a geographic location

Question 46

stimulus diffusion

Answer 46

the process by which a cultural trait or idea spreads to another culture or region but is modified to adapt to the new culture

Question 47

syncretism

Answer 47

process of innovation combining different cultural features into something new

Question 48

traditional architecture

Answer 48

an established building style of different cultures, religions, and places

Question 49

traditional culture

Answer 49

the long-established behaviors, beliefs, and practices passed down from generation to generation

Question 50

universalizing religion

Answer 50

a religion that tries to appeal to all humans and is open to membership by everyone