Unit 3 Weather Flashcards
(100 cards)
Difference b/w weather & climate
The main difference between the two is weather changes day to day, while climate does not change for longer periods of day. Weather is the state or conditions of the atmosphere over a short period of time, usually a day or so.
Ocean currents and their effect on climate (moderating effect)
Some currents take warm water away from the equator, influencing coastal climates near the poles. Others take colder water from the poles or the deep ocean and move it towards the equator, creating cooler coastal climates.
4 factors that affect climate
- Latitude
- Altitude
- Proximity to large bodies of water
- Ocean Current and air masses
prevailing winds and jet streams their effect on climate
they can push air masses around and affect weather patterns.
3 types of precipitation
relief
convectional
cyclonic/frontal
relief
What is forcing the air to rise?
Crossing an area of high elevation causes the air to rise
convectional
What is forcing the air to rise?
Absorbed heat from at the earth’s surface causes the air to rise
cyclonic/fronta
What is forcing the air to rise?
A cooler denser air mass flows beneath a warmer air mass causing it to rise
4 components that make up soil
The four main components of soil are Mineral Air Water Organic matter
Topsoil: formation
Very slowly as dead plants, leaves and animal remains are deposed by bacteria
Differences b/w leaching and calcification
Leaching is Water moves down through the soil and dissolves chemicals and nutrients and carries them deeper into the soil. But calcification Water evaporates and moves up and deeper soil is drawn up to replace it.
Terms: natural vegetation,
Plants that grow free from human interference
Terms tundra
is known for its freezing temperatures, lack of trees, low-growing vegetation and abundant rock outcrops.
humus term
the dark organic material in soils, produced by the decomposition of vegetable or animal matter
transition zone term
An area where the characteristics of an region gradually change into those of another
permafrost term
Permafrost is defined as ground (soil or rock and included ice or organic material) that remains at or below 0°C for at least two consecutive years.
ecology term
The study of living things and how they relate to each other environment
Environmental issue of Soil Degradation
Pollution Overgrazing Compaction Deforestation Urban sprawl Agricultural mismanagement Altering natural characteristics of rivers and streams
Most precipitation is caused by a combination of different process causing the air to rise. Two things that happen when air rises
- It cools
2. As the air cools water vapour present in the air condenses more than it evapparates
Precipitation is a major part of the …..
Hydrologic cycle
Warm air at the equator—— as it rises it ——— this const of air is referred to as ——————————
- Rises
- Cools
- Convection currents
The earths rotation ———-and ————— these currents. This is known as ———— effect.
- Blondes
- Deflects
- cariolis
It drive the three dominant winds on earth
- Trade winds
- Westerlies
Transfer
Ocean currents always swirl —— in the north hemisphere
Clockwise
