Unit 3 Word List

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Chemical signaling molecule

Question 2

Acetylcholinesterase

Answer 2

Enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

Question 3

Acid

Answer 3

Chemical that gives off hydrogen ions

Question 4

Adenine

Answer 4

Molecule found in DNA and RNA, pairs with thymine (DNA) or uracil (RNA)

Question 5

Adipocyte

Answer 5

Fat cell

Question 6

Aerobic

Answer 6

Activity that occurs when oxygen is plentiful

Question 7

Allele

Answer 7

Unit of inheritance

Question 8

Amphipathic

Answer 8

A molecule that partially prefers water and partially repels water

Question 9

Anabolic

Answer 9

Chemical process that makes larger chemicals out of smaller ones

Question 10

Anaerobic

Answer 10

Activity that occurs when oxygen is scarce

Question 11

Anaphase

Answer 11

Stage of cell division where chromosomes are separating

Question 12

Antibody

Answer 12

Protein that defends the body against invaders

Question 13

Anti parallel

Answer 13

Parallel but running in opposite directions like a two lane road

Question 14

Antiport

Answer 14

Transport process that involves molecules moving in opposite directions; exchange

Question 15

Apical

Answer 15

Toward the top

Question 16

Apocrine

Answer 16

Cellular secretion that involves breaking off a piece of the cell

Question 17

Apoptosis

Answer 17

Programmed or preplanned cell death

Question 18

Astrocyte

Answer 18

Star-shaped cell of the brain; a type of glial cell

Question 19

Astroglia

Answer 19

Star shaped cell of the brain, a type of glial cell (same as astrocyte)

Question 20

Autosome

Answer 20

Chromosome that is not involved in sex determination

Question 21

Avascular

Answer 21

Without blood vessels

Question 22

Basal

Answer 22

Toward the bottom

Question 23

Base pair

Answer 23

Adenine-thymine or cytosine-guanine pairs that form the “rungs” of the twisted ladder structure of DNA

Question 24

Bilayer

Answer 24

Two layered covering

Question 25

Blastocyst

Answer 25

Stage of human embryo where it is a hollow ball of rapidly dividing cells

Question 26

Carbohydrate

Answer 26

Molecule consisting of equal parts carbon and water

Question 27

Catabolic

Answer 27

Chemical process that makes smaller chemicals out of larger ones

Question 28

Catalyze

Answer 28

Speed up a chemical reaction

Question 29

Centriole

Answer 29

Organelle that acts as a microtubule organizing center

Question 30

Centromere

Answer 30

Part of a chromosome in the center where two DNA molecules touch

Question 31

Cholesterol

Answer 31

Important lipid, essential for cell processes

Question 32

Chondrocyte

Answer 32

Cartilage cell

Question 33

Chromatine

Answer 33

DNA plus RNA plus associated proteins, visible when cells are dyed and viewed through the microscope

Question 34

Chromosome

Answer 34

Chromatin visible through microscope in Xshaped packages