Unit 304 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Describe an Incisor.
Include the Features, usual number of roots and the function.
Features: Chisel shaped teeth
Number of roots: One
Function: Cutting up food when eating
Describe a canine.
Include the features, usual number of roots and the function.
Features: Sharp tooth with a single point or cusp.
Number of roots: 1
Function: For tearing or piercing food when you bite.
Describe the premolars.
Include the features, usual number of roots and the function.
Features: Bicuspid (2 cusps) which are located on the buccal and lingual sides of the tooth, separated by the mesiodistal occlusal fissure.
Number of roots: 1st premolar- 2 on both upper and lower. 2nd Premolar- 1 on lower, and usually one but sometimes 2 on upper.
Function: Guide food from the cuspids near the front of the mouth to the back for chewing to easily occur.
Describe the molars.
Include the features, usual number of roots and the function.
Features: Rounded, flat teeth at the back of the mouth.
Number of roots: Upper- 3 roots. Lower- 2 roots.
Function: Grind food into small pieces so swallowing is easy.
What is Enamel?
Enamel is the outer layer of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and composted of 96% inorganic mineral crystals. Enamel is a non-living tissue which is why it can’t grow or repair itself once damaged.
What is the Amelodentinal junction (ADJ)?
This is the junction that lies between the layer of enamel and dentine.
What is Primary dentine?
This is the most prominent dentine. It forms a protective covering of dentine just below the enamel.
What is Secondary dentine?
This is the dentine that forms under primary dentine, near the pulp chamber. It only forms once the tooth is completely erupted. It grows a lot slower than primary dentine.
What are odontoblasts?
These are present between soft pulp and dentine. Its function is to produce the dentine and act as pain receptors/defencing within the cell. They repair and protect themselves.
What is the pulp and pulp chamber?
What is the Apical foramen?
It is the outlet of the apex through which the nerve and blood vessels that deliver the pulp pass. It represents the junction of the pulp and periodontal tissue.
What is the Cementum?
It’s one of the 3 specialised tissues that make up the teeth. It’s a thin calcified layer of tissue covering the dentine of the root. The cementum acts as an insertion site for periodontal ligament fibre and functions to anchor teeth into the sockets.
What is the periodontal ligament?
A fibrous connective tissue that sits among the tooth roots and the internal wall of the bone socket. Its used for attachment and support, a shock absorber and assisting the tooth with eruption and bone remodelling.
What is the gingival Crevice/Sulcus
The gingival sulcus is the space that remains between the tooth and the free gum. its depth averages 0.5cm. For this reason in clinical probing using a periodontal probe, it varies between 0.5-3mm.
What is furcation?
Furcation is the point where the multiple roots on premolars and molars branch off from the ‘trunk’ of the tooth and make their way separately into the jaw bone. The furcation effect means that the bone loss is below this point, resulting in the ‘trunk’ to be visible.
What is the Hard Palate?
A horizontal bony plate that creates the subsection of the palate. It forms the anterior two thirds of the roof of the mouth and compromises two facial bones: Palatine process of maxilla and the paired palatine bones.
What is the soft palate?
A mobile fold of soft tissue that’s attached to the posterior margin of the hard palate. It does not contain any bone framework.
What is the Rague?
A series of ridges produced by the folding of a wall of an organ. In the mouth they’re located on the palate behind the upper anteriors in the slope of the palate.
What is Tuberosity?
A round bony protrusion at the back of the final molar.
What is the Lamina Dura?
A contact bone that lies adjacent to the periodontal ligament in the tooth socket.
What is spongy/cancellous bone?
A very porous type of bone enclosing numerous large spaces that give a honeycomb/spongy appearance.
What is the Oral Mucosa?
The mucous membrane lining in the inner of the mouth. it consists of the oral epithelium and the lamina propria. It covers different parts of the oral cavity such as the gingivae, palate, cheek, tip, tongue and oropharynx.
