Unit 3.1 - symbols and formulae Flashcards
What is the molecular formula of a compound?
The number and type of different atoms in one molecule
Name the 4 state symbols
(s) = solid
(l) = liquid
(g) = gas
(aq) = aqueous (dissolved in water)
Name 6 different polyatomic ions (ions composed of more than 1 element)
- Ammonium ion: NH4 +
- Nitrate ion: NO3 -
- Sulfate ion: SO4 2-
- Carbonate ion” CO3 2-
- Phosphate ion: PO4 3-
- Hydroxide ion: OH -
What is a chemical reaction + two forms?
A process where one set of substances (the reactants) is converted into another set of substances (the products). Mass is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
1. Word equation - names of the substances are used to describe a chemical reaction
2. Balanced symbol equation - show the chemical formulae of the substances and the simplest ratio of the substances involved
Create a symbol equation for this reaction: copper sulphate + magnesium -> magnesium sulphate + copper
CuSO4 + Mg -> MgSO4 + Cu
Write the chemical equation for iron fillings reacting with dilute sulfuric acid to produce iron sulfate and hydrogen
Fe(s) + H2SO4 (aq) -> FeSO4(aq) + H2 (g)
What are spectator ions?
Ions that do not participate in a chemical reaction so are not included in an ionic equation.
What is an ionic equation?
A symbol equation that only shows the atoms and ions that react together, as well as the charges. Can be written as half equations which shows transfer of electrons.
Write balanced formulas and ionic equations for the reaction between sodium and aluminium nitrate.
Balanced formula: 3Na + Al(NO3)3 -> 3Na(NO3) + Al
Ionic equation: 3Na (s) + Al (3+, aq) -> 3Na (+, aq) + Al (s)
Balanced this equation + ionic formula : Al(s) +Fe2O3(s) → Al2O3 +Fe(l)
Balanced: 2Al (s) + Fe2O3 (s) -> Al2O3 + 2Fe (l)
Ionic: 2Al (s) + 2Fe (3+) -> 2Al (3+) + 2Fe
