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Anatomy and ph > UNit 4 > Flashcards

UNit 4 Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Epithelial tissue is the

A

lining

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2
Q

Epithelial tissue functions include

A

Protection Absorbtion Filtration Secrestion

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3
Q

The top of epithelial tissue is called

A

Free surface or Apical

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4
Q

The bottom of epithelial tissue is called

A

Basal Surface

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5
Q

The membrane underneath the basal surface in epithelial tissue is called

A

the basement membrane

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6
Q

what does avascular meane

A

no blood vessels

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7
Q

What are epithelial tissues classified by

A

layers and shapes

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8
Q

Simple epithelial

A

only one layer of cells

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9
Q

stratified epithelial tissue

A

More than one layer of cells

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10
Q

Simple squamous epithelium:

A

This Is a single, flat layer of cells that Is thin
and permeable.

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11
Q

Simple squamous epithelium:

A

Function: rapid diffusion of materials

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12
Q

Simple squamous epithelium:

A

Found in blood vessels & lung tissues

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13
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium:

A

*This is a single layer of cube-shaped cells.

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14
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium:

A

> Function: Secretion & absorption of
substances

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15
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium:

A
  • Found in the tissues of the kidney
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16
Q

Stratified squamous
epithelium:

A

These thick layers provide protection for th
underlying layers

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17
Q

Stratified squamous
epithelium:

A

Found in the epidermal layer of the skin

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18
Q

Stratified cuboidal
epithelium:

A

More than one layer of cuboidal cells

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19
Q

Stratified cuboidal
epithelium:

A

Found In Salivary & mammary gianas

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20
Q

Stratified columnar
epithelium:

A

Free surface is lined with columnar cells

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21
Q

Stratified columnar
epithelium:

A

FOUN Ih YOUF laf yYNxA dana the Male uretiiida

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22
Q

pseudo-stratified epithelium

A

cell nuclei are found at diffrent levels, so It appears
stratified. though it is not.

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23
Q

pseudo-stratified epithelium

A

Function: Secretion & Absorption

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24
Q

pseudo-stratified epithelium

A

Found In most of the upper respiratory
tract

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25
transitional epithelium
changing shape with elasticity found in the bladder
26
Exocrine gland
Has Duct
27
Endocrine gland
ductless secrets hormones
28
Merocrine gland
Cell excretes product via exocytosis Sweat glands
29
Apocrine gland
A portion of the cell pinches off with the secreted product Mammary glands
30
Holocrine Gland
Cells rupture and spill products oil glands
31
Endocrine glands are
thyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas
32
Connective tissues types
connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, blood
33
what are the functions of connective tissue
support bind insulation protect transport
34
Loose Connective tissue
Areolar Adipose Reticular
35
Dense
Regular Irregular Elastic
36
Areolar
Mostly open space Holds water and salts for surrounding tissues Found under epithelium and around organs
37
Adipose
Comprised of fat cells (adipocytes) Have large vacuoles the contain fat/oil Insulates and warms the body Provides nutrients to other cells
38
Reticular
Contains reticular fibers, which create a stiff framework that support other cell
39
Regular
Collagen fibers are arranged in one direction Provides “tensile strength” like a rope Found in tendons & ligaments
40
Irregular
Collagen fibers are arranged in many directions Provides strength in multiple directions Found in capsules around organs __
41
Elastic
Provides flexible cushioning Found between vertebrae and in arteries
42
Cartilage *doesn’t have nerves or blood vessels!
- Hyaline - Fibrocartilage - Elastic
43
Hyaline
Glassy looking Firm ground substance with lacuna (spaces for cells) Few collagen fibers Found in larynx, bridge of nose, and ribs
44
Fibro-cartilage
Contains lots of collagen, mostly running parallel. Found in intervertebral spaces
45
Elastic
Highly flexible More elastic fibers Found in outer ear and tip of nose
46
Osteocytes
secrete ground substances, fibers, collagen, and fluids. spongy and compact
47
Mast Cells
Detect foreign substances Contain granules that secrete inflammatory chemicals
48
Macrophages
Blob-like cells that engulf invading substances or organisms
49
blood Cells
Red Blood Cells- erythrocytes (carry oxygen White Blood Cells- leukocytes (provide immune response)
50
Skin
cutaneous membrane
51
Epidermis
Outer layer Stratified squamous epithelium Basement membrane between epidermis and dermis
52
Dermis
Inner layer Thicker of the 2 layers of the skin Connective tissue Contains collagenous and elastic fibers
53
Epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelium, rests on the basement membrane Lacks blood vessels The deepest layer, stratum basale, nourished by blood vessels in the dermis As cells grow, they migrate toward the free surface, away from the nutrient supply As they migrate, older cells, keratinocytes, begin to flatten and die
54
Keratinization
Process of hardening, dehydration, and keratin accumulation that occurs in epidermal cells as they migrate outward
55
Keratin
tough, fibrous, waterproof protein made and stored in the cells
56
5 Layers of Epidermis:
Sptlratum Corneum OuTEermMost layer, dead, keratinized Cells Stratum lucidum: only in thick skin — palms, soles Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale/germinativui leepest, mitotic layer
57
Functions of epidermis:
Protects against water loss, harmful chemicals, mechanical injury, pathogens
58
The dermis consists of 2 layers:
Papillary layer and Reticular layer
59
Papillary layer
Superficial layer Areolar connective tissue Thinner of the 2 layers Location of dermal papillae
60
Reticular layer:
Deeper layer Dense irregular connective tissue Thicker of 2 layers
61
3 parts of the nail
Nail plate Nail bed: Lunula:
62
3 parts of hair:
Hair Bulb | Hair root Hair shaft
63
body temp
98.6 and 37
64
Methods of heat loss
Radiation: Primary method, infrared heat rays escape Conduction: Heat moves from skin to cooler objects Convection: Heat loss into circulating air currents Evaporation: Sweat changes into a gas, carries heat away
65
Hyperthermia:
abnormally high body temperature
66
Hypothermia
abnormally low body temperature

Anatomy and ph (1 decks)

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