Unit 4

Question 1

What are polar molecules dissociating hydrogen?

Answer 1

An acid

Question 2

What is an aqueous solution?

Answer 2

A solution where water is the solvent

Question 3

What are compounds that produce hydroxide?

Answer 3

A base

Question 4

What is the measure of how crowded solute particles are in a solvent?

Answer 4

Concentration

Question 5

What is a solute that conducts a current in an aqueous solution?

Answer 5

Electrolytes

Question 6

What is a liquid that doesn’t dissolve in a solvent?

Answer 6

Immiscible

Question 7

When a solid liquid or gas can’t dissolve in a liquid it is what?

Answer 7

Insoluble or sparingly soluble

Question 8

When a liquid can dissolve into another liquid it is called?

Answer 8

Miscible

Question 9

What is the unit of concentration by which the solute is measured in moles per liter?

Answer 9

Molarity

Question 10

What is the reaction between an acid+base that produces water+salt?

Answer 10

Neutralization

Question 11

What is the measure of a solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specific tempature?

Answer 11

Solubillity

Question 12

What is the solubility of a solute when plotted against temperature?

Answer 12

Solubility curve

Question 13

When a solid, liquid, or gas can dissolve in a liquid it is…?

Answer 13

Soluble

Question 14

A substance that is dissolved in a solution (could be multiple)?

Answer 14

Solute

Question 15

The maximum concentration of solute that can be obtained by dissolving a solute at a given temperature?

Answer 15

Solubility

Question 16

The concentration of solute at saturation?

Answer 16

Solubility

Question 17

The solubility curve is also…?

Answer 17

Saturation line

Question 18

When an excess solute is visible, and “seed” is not dissolved the solution is?

Answer 18

Saturated

Question 19

When solution appears clear and “seed” is dissolved the solution is?

Answer 19

Unsaturated

Question 20

When the solution appears clear and the “seed” “crashes” the solution is?

Answer 20

Supersaturated

Question 21

A substance that has other substances dissolved in it, the same state as the solution and a larger amount.

Answer 21

Solvent

Question 22

A solution with precisely known concentration is what kind of solution?

Answer 22

Standard Solution

Question 23

How do particles differ in pure substances and mixtures?

Answer 23

In a pure substance every particle is the same, in a a mixture there are at least 2 different particles.

Question 24

What composition do mixtures have?

Answer 24

Variable composition

Question 25

What composition do pure substances have?

Answer 25

Fixed composition

Question 26

How do you separate pure substances opposed to mixtures?

Answer 26

Pure substances can separate from chemical change Mixtures can separate from physical processes

Question 27

What defines an element?

Answer 27

When all atoms are the same -Ne -O2

Question 28

What defines a compound?

Answer 28

At least 2 different atoms bonded

Question 29

What are the characteristics of a solution?

Answer 29

- Homogenous meaning they are uniform throughout - Clear liquid or gas

Question 30

What are the characteristics of a mechanical mixture?

Answer 30

- Heterogeneous meaning they are non-uniform throughout - Never clear

Question 31

What are examples of a solution ?

Answer 31

Tea, vodka, alloys and air

Question 32

What are some examples of a mechanical mixture?

Answer 32

Granite, smoke, and milk

Question 33

What kind of attraction is used in ionic dissolving?

Answer 33

Dipole - ion attraction

Question 34

What kind of attraction is used in molecular dissolving?

Answer 34

Dipole-Dipole attraction

Question 35

What is an example of gas dissolved in gas?

Answer 35

Air

Question 36

What is an example of gas dissolved in liquid?

Answer 36

pop

Question 37

What is an example of a gas dissolved in a solid?

Answer 37

Mothballs

Question 38

What is an example of a liquid dissolved in a liquid?

Answer 38

Booze

Question 39

What is an example of a liquid dissolved in a gas?

Answer 39

humidity, fog

Question 40

What is an example of a liquid dissolved in a solid?

Answer 40

Saltwater

Question 41

What is an example of a solid dissolved in a solid?

Answer 41

Alloys

Question 42

What is an example of a solid dissolved in a liquid?

Answer 42

Liquid in the periodic table like Silver

Question 43

What is an example of a solid dissolved in a gas?

Answer 43

H2 in steel

Question 44

What 4 factors effect the rate of dissolving?

Answer 44

-Temperature -Granule size - Agitation (stirring) - Concentration of solute

Question 45

What is the formula to find solubility?

Answer 45

mass of solute dissolves at saturation/ mass of water times 100

Question 46

What is the rule for polarity and dissolving?

Answer 46

Like dissolves like

Question 47

What pH are acids vs bases

Answer 47

Acids < 7 Bases >7

Question 48

What are strong acids?

Answer 48

Acids that dissociate completely (100% yield) 1-1 ratio of acid dissolved-ion in solution

Question 49

What are weak acids?

Answer 49

Weak acids dissociate incompletely (<100% yield) Has 0.004 mols of dissociated H ions

Question 50

What is the formula for concentration?

Answer 50

quantity of moles in solute/ volume of solution C = Ne/Vn

Question 51

What is a binary acid?

Answer 51

An acid with only 2 elements

Question 52

How do you name a binary acid?

Answer 52

hydro + anion root + ic acid

Question 53

What is a oxoacid?

Answer 53

An acid with a polyatomic ion

Question 54

How do you name a oxoacid?

Answer 54

no hydro in beginning, sometimes hypo "ate" becomes "ic acid" "ite" becomes "ous acid"