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Unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Patriot

A

A person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors (AAAHHHHHHH LETS GO AMERICA WHAT THE HELL IS A KILOMETER AAAAHHHH FREEDOM UNITS🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅🦅 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲 🇺🇲)

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2
Q

Loyalist

A

A colonist of the American revolutionary period who supports the British cause (BOOOOOOOOO👎👎👎👎👎)

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3
Q

Refugee

A

Someone who has been forced to flee conflict or persecution and has crossed an international border to seek safety. They don’t come back

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4
Q

Blockade

A

the shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out

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5
Q

Mercenaries

A

Troops that get paid to fight

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6
Q

Hessians

A

German mercenaries

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7
Q

Where did the second continental congress meet?

A

Philadelphia

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8
Q

Who took over Fort Ticonderoga?

A

Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain boys 🟢⛰🙋

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9
Q

Who made up the continental army?

A

Members of militia from many colonies.

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10
Q

Who was appointed the commander of the continental army?

A

George Washington

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11
Q

Who was the author of the olive branch petition?

A

John Dickinson 🧑‍🦲

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12
Q

What was the purpose of the Olive Branch petition?

A

To ask the king for peace. King refused and declared “ALL the colonies in rebellion” 🫒🕊

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13
Q

Patriot advantages in the war

A

Knew the land well, good at shooting, Washington great commander(Very Good), fighting for a cause and their homes

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14
Q

Patriot disadvantages in the war

A

poorly organized and untrained, few cannons and supplies, small to no navy

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15
Q

British advantages in the war

A

Hessians and loyalist allies, experienced and well trained, best navy in the world, money and stable government

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16
Q

British disadvantages in the war

A

3,000 miles from home, not used to wilderness, red coats, stubborn generals unwilling to change

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17
Q

Battle of bunker hill

A

Colonel William Prescott has minutemen dig in at Breed’s hill, British attack in rows, slowly, suffer huge losses, Americans low on gunpowder, “Don’t fire until you see, the whites of their eyes, both sides declare victory

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18
Q

Traitor

A

A person who betrays his or her country

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19
Q

Preamble

A

Introduction

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20
Q

Natural rights

A

Rights that belong to all people from birth. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

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21
Q

Who wrote Common Sense?

A

Thomas Paine

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22
Q

What did common sense say about the king?

A

He said that colonists did not owe loyalty to the king, king was a tyrant, idea of monarchy is wrong, being born into privilege is wrong

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23
Q

Why was common sense significant?

A

Showed that the colonists didn’t need Britain, helped convince the colonist of independence

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24
Q

Who proposed independence and what date?

A

Richard Henry Lee. June 7, 1776

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25
5 men in the deceleration committee
John Adams, Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert Livingston, and Roger Shrman
26
Who wrote the declaration of independence?
Thomas Jefferson
27
When did congress accept the Declaration of Independence?
July 4, 1776
28
What are the four main parts of the Declaration of Independence?
Preamble, Unalienable Human rights, Colonial Grievances, and Independence
29
What was the unalienable Human rights section about?
Natural rights (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness), all men are created equal, democracy
30
What was the Colonial Grievances section about?
wrongs that led America to break away from Britain, lists of charges against the king
31
What was the Independence section about?
We got a new name (U.S.A), Declare ourselves independent to make allies
32
Battle of long island
British General Howe took over long island and NYC. We lose
33
Nathan Hale
Spied on British. "I only regret that I have one life to lose for my country"
34
Marquis de Lafayette
Convinced France to send thousands of trained soldiers to help the patriots
35
Friedrich Von Steuben
Helped train Washington's troops. Fired from his OG country's military for being a SLAY 🌈🏳‍🌈💅
36
Casimir Pulaski
Trained troops on horseback
37
Cavalry
Troops on horseback
38
Who wrote the crisis?
Thomas Paine
39
Why is the crisis important?
Inspired Americans to sacrifice and to keep fighting and die for independence
40
Battle of Trenton
American Army near defeat, need a win. Christmas, Washington and 2,000 soldiers cross the delaware river into NJ. At trenton were the German Hessians. They partied too much for Christmas. Washington surprises them and easily wins
41
Why is the battle of Trenton significant?
Hope is renewed after the Long Island battle and thousands more join the army.
42
Battle of Sartoga
British general John Burgoyne tried to take over NY state and cut America in two. Trouble in the wilderness- he took comforts. Led by Benedict Arnold and Haratio Gates the Americans beat the british.
43
Why was the battle of Saratoga the turning point in the war?
British no longer go into the woods and France becomes our ally
44
What was the valley Forge and what happened there?
Winter home of continental army Many died of frostbite and starvation
45
Neutral
not helping or supporting either side in a conflict. Uninvolved in a war.
46
Bernardo de Galvez
Governor of Spanish Louisiana who favored the Patriots. Secretly supplied medicine, clothes, muskets, and gunpowder
47
Betsy Ross
Sewed the first American flags
48
Molly Pitcher
Fought at the battle of Monmouth. Brought water to her husband and other soldiers. Took her husband's place when he was wounded.
49
On what side did the Iroquois Indians join and why?
British side. The British convinced them by telling them that there would be more white settles if the Patriots win. Thought the british was gonna win the war.
50
George Rogers CLark
He got the Miami Indians to side with us. Took over fort vincennes
51
John Paul Jones
American Naval Captain
52
What was the name of John Paul Jones ship?
Bonehomme
53
What was John Paul Jones' famous quote?
"I have not yet begun to fight"
54
Salem Poor
An African American hero at bunker hill
55
Prince Estabrook
An African American hero and Lexington and Concord
56
How many African Americans were in the army?
1/5 of the army
57
Battle of King's mountain
American victory in south Carolina. Helped turn the tide of the war in the south
58
Nathanael Greene
Took command of the continental army in the south
59
Dan morgan
American general who helped the defense of the south
60
How did Dan Morgan win the battle of Cowpens?
Used clever tactics. Divided his army into two. Front line shoot two shots then retreat over a hill. British chase Americans over the hill where the American army was waiting for them.
61
Francis Marion
Known as the swamp fox. In charge of south Carolina militia
62
What battle tactics did Francis Marion use?
Used hit and run tactics ( GUERILLAAAAAAA BREAK THAT WALLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL 🦍🦍🦍🦍🦍🧱🧱🧱🧱🧱) (JONNY) (MA KARA? KLOOM)
63
How did Benedict Arnold betray America?
Angry never getting the credit he deserved. Sold blue prints abt west point. Joins British side
64
What is a peninsula
Stop of island surrounded by 3 sides of water
65
What city did British General Cornwallis bring his troops to camp and why did he camp there?
Yorktown, Virginia. Felt it was best, would have navy to protect him
66
What city did Benedict Arnold take over for the British?
Richmond, Virginia
67
Comte de Rochambeau
French general that joined Washington and Lafayette at Yorktown. (Land. Army)
68
Admiral de Grasse
Heading toward Virginia with the french army. French admiral that surrounds the British at Yorktown (Sea. Navy)
69
Siege
Surrounded enemy. Surrounding and enemy position in a attempt to capture it.
70
How did America win at Yorktown?
British General thought a peninsula was the best position to camp. Washington combined forces with Lafayetter and Rochambeau and blocked land escape. French admiral De Grasse blocked sea escape. British are sieged and surrender october 19, 1781
71
Who was sent to negotiate peace talks in Paris in 1782?
Ben Franklin, John Adams, John Jay, Henry Laurens
72
What does Ratify mean?
Approved or agreed upon by signing******** of a document (PUT SIGNING ON THE TEST OR HE'LL TAKE OFF POINTS)
73
What did the treaty of Paris say?*
British recognize American Independence. American get all land east of Mississippi River except Florida which Spain got to protect Mexico. American would pay loyalists money for lost land.

SS (3 decks)

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