unit 4

Question 1

biceps brachii

Answer 1

thick two headed muscle in the anterior upper arm

Question 2

dystonia

Answer 2

abnormal muscle tone that impairs voluntary muscle movement

Question 3

dyskinesia

Answer 3

distortion or impairment of voluntary movement (tic or spasm)

Question 4

fibromyalgia syndrome

Answer 4

debilitating chronic condition w/fatigue, muscle/joint/bone pain

Question 5

ergonomics

Answer 5

study of human factors that affect design and operation of tools and work enviornment

Question 6

spasmodic torticollis

Answer 6

stiff neck from spasmodic contraction of neck muscles

Question 7

myoparesis

Answer 7

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

Question 8

myoclonus

Answer 8

sudden involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles

Question 9

myorrhaphy

Answer 9

surgical suturing of a muscle

Question 10

myorrhexis

Answer 10

rupture or tearing of a muscle

Question 11

myocele

Answer 11

protrusion of muscle substance through a tear in the surrounding fascia

Question 12

fasciitis

Answer 12

inflammation of a fascia

Question 13

hernia

Answer 13

internal organ or tissue bulges through a weak area of muscle

Question 14

sarcopenia

Answer 14

loss of muscle mass, strength, and functioning

Question 15

bradykinesia

Answer 15

extreme slowness in movement

Question 16

hyperkinesia

Answer 16

abnormally increased muscle function/activity

Question 17

paraplegia

Answer 17

paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body

Question 18

quadriplegia

Answer 18

paralysis of all four extremities

Question 19

hemiplegia

Answer 19

total paralysis affecting only one side of the body

Question 20

ataxia

Answer 20

lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Question 21

tendonesis

Answer 21

surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone

Question 22

tenosynovitis

Answer 22

inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon

Question 23

triceps brachii

Answer 23

thick three headed muscle in the posterior upper arm

Question 24

atonic

Answer 24

lacking normal muscle tone/strength

Question 25

hypotonia

Answer 25

condition with diminished tone of skeletal muscles

Question 26

abduction

Answer 26

movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

Question 27

adduction

Answer 27

movement of a limb toward the midline of the body

Question 28

adhesion

Answer 28

a band of fibrous tissue that is abnormally holding structures together

Question 29

atrophy

Answer 29

weakness or wearing away of body tissues/structures

Question 30

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 30

condition in which chronically overused tendons in the carpal tunnel become inflamed and swollen

Question 31

chronic fatigue syndrome

Answer 31

disorder of unknown cause that affects multiple body systems

Question 32

circumduction

Answer 32

circular movement at the far end of a limb

Question 33

contracture

Answer 33

permanent tightening of facia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin caused by scarring or lack of use

Question 34

dorsiflexion

Answer 34

movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle

Question 35

electromyography

Answer 35

diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

Question 36

epicondylitis

Answer 36

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

Question 37

exercise physiologist

Answer 37

specialist who develops and implements exercise programs

Question 38

ganglion cyst

Answer 38

harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs on the outer surface of the wrist

Question 39

heel spur

Answer 39

calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near the calcaneus bone

Question 40

hemiparesis

Answer 40

slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

Question 42

impingement syndrome

Answer 42

condition when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint

Question 43

insertion

Answer 43

muscle ends by attaching to bone or tendon

Question 44

intermittent claudication

Answer 44

pain in the leg muscles during exercise but reduced with rest

Question 45

myasthenia gravis

Answer 45

chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction, producing serious weakness of voluntary muscles

Question 46

myofascial release

Answer 46

soft tissue manipulation technique to reduce pain in muscle tissue

Question 47

myolysis

Answer 47

degeneration of muscle tissue

Question 48

neuromuscular

Answer 48

pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle

Question 49

nocturnal myoclonus

Answer 49

jerking of the limbs while a person falls asleep

Question 50

oblique

Answer 50

describes muscle fibers that are slanted at an angle

Question 51

paralysis

Answer 51

loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements through disease or injury to nerve supply

Question 52

physiatrist

Answer 52

physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation

Question 53

plantar fasciitis

Answer 53

inflammation of the thick band of tissue that runs across the bottom of the foot

Question 54

polymyositis

Answer 54

muscle disease with simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles

Question 55

pronation

Answer 55

rotating the arm/leg so that hand palm/foot soke is turned downward or backward

Question 56

range of motion testing

Answer 56

diagnostic procedure to evaluate joint mobility and muscle strength

Question 57

shin splint

Answer 57

injury to the body of muscle or the attachment of a tendon

Question 58

singultus

Answer 58

involuntary jerking of the diaphragm causing spasms (hiccups)

Question 59

sphincter

Answer 59

ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

Question 60

sprain

Answer 60

injury to a joint usually caused by wrenched or torn ligament

Question 61

tenolysis

Answer 61

release of a tendon from adhesions

Question 62

tenorrhaphy

Answer 62

surgical suturing together of the dividing ends of a tendon

Question 63

transverse

Answer 63

crosswise direction