Unit 4 - 30 Years War, Rise of Absolutism & Constitutionalism

Question 1

Gustavus Adolphus

Answer 1

A Lutheran King who won victories for the German Protestants in the 30 Years War and lost his life in one of the battles.

Question 2

What kind of features happened under Louis the 14th’s government?

Answer 2

The creation of a strong centralized system of taxation and state finance.

Question 3

The prosecution of witches

Answer 3

Due to religious uncertainty, older widowed women were accused of being witches and were used as a scapegoat.

Question 4

Peter the Great wished to modernize the Russian Empire,

Answer 4

So, he traveled around Europe, gathered knowledge of other military tactics, and applied it to his own empire.

Question 5

Peter the Great helped to Westernize Russia in many ways EXCEPT…

Answer 5

He didn’t help every social class. For example: the peasants and the surfs.

Question 6

The army institution

Answer 6

Was the most responsible for the rise of Prussia.

Question 7

Cardinal Richelieu

Answer 7

an advisor to Louis the 13th. He wanted to create new systems of government that centralized state power.

Question 8

Under Cardinal Richelieu’s influence in France…

Answer 8

He has challenges and uprisings by the nobility since the nobles didn’t like that he was an absolutist.

Question 9

One major goal of Cardinal Richelieu in France was…

Answer 9

To strengthen the power of the Bourbon Monarchy.

Question 10

The most important reason Louis the 14th built the palace of Versailles was that he wanted to

Answer 10

Limit the authority of the nobility and prevent them from gaining enough power to threaten his control of the country.

Question 11

Louis the 14th replaced the Edict of Nantes with…

Answer 11

The Edict of Fontainebleau.

Question 12

Monarchs and the Catholic Church who sought to enhance their stature..

Answer 12

Was the group that most frequently commissioned Baroque art during the 1600s.

Question 13

The Baroque art style was most closely associated with..

Answer 13

The Catholic/Counter Reformation.

Question 14

One of the aspects of Dutch realism is..

Answer 14

The demonstration of the growing Dutch urban merchant class.

Question 15

One reason for the Dutch Golden Age was because of..

Answer 15

The growing importance of oversea trade.

Question 16

One characteristic of Mannerist works is..

Answer 16

Distorted and dramatic depictions employed to heighten emotion.

Question 17

One difference between Mannerist and Northern Renaissance works is that..

Answer 17

They both depicted religious subjects, but Northern Renaissance placed more emphasis on human-centered naturalism.

Question 18

One nearly universal motivation for royal patronage of the arts in the early modern period was..

Answer 18

The desire to enhance prestige and authority.

Question 19

The most important reason for the English Civil War was…

Answer 19

Conflicts between Parliament and the King.

Question 20

Who is Frederick William, the Great Elector?

Answer 20

The father (first leader) of the German state, Prussia.

Question 21

Frederick William the 1st, aka the Soldier King, who is the son of Frederick William the Great Elector,

Answer 21

Sets up a state that relies on its own strength due to its very disciplined military.

Question 22

The leadership of King William the 3rd and Queen Mary the 2nd of England..

Answer 22

Contributed to the outcome of the Glorious Revolution.

Question 23

One of the reasons King William the 3rd and Queen Mary the 2nd of England come into power is because of..

Answer 23

Conflicts between the Catholic Stuart monarchy and Protestant interests in Parliament.

Question 24

Frederick William the 1st (Soldier King)…

Answer 24

Established Prussian absolutism and gave it unique character, infused strict military values into a whole society, intense emotional attachment to the military life.

Question 25

Charles the 2nd of England..

Answer 25

Numerous conflicts with Parliament, fought wars with France, Spain, and Scotland; eventually provoked a civil war, convicted of treason, and beheaded.

Question 26

Charles the 2nd of Spain…

Answer 26

Faced with many issues with the decline of Spanish power and noted for his own physical and mental limitations, his death led to the War of Spanish Succession.

Question 27

Louis the 14th…

Answer 27

Also known as the Sun King, Louis the 14th was focused on absolutism. A quote of his is “One king, One wall, One faith.” He revoked the Edict of Nantes and replaced it with the Edict of Fontainebleau, saying that citizens MUST be Catholic like him.

Question 28

Peter the Great…

Answer 28

Was famous for modernizing Russia by traveling around Europe, gathering knowledge, and applying said knowledge the Russian empire. Because of this, Russia progressed in its development of the economy, trade, and education. He’s the father of the Russian navy.

Question 29

Charles the 2nd of England…

Answer 29

Was known as the Merry King, and he had no problem with Parliament. He let them share the power while he partied. He was the son of Charles the 1st of England.

Question 30

James the 2nd of England…

Answer 30

The last Catholic monarch, has an issue with parliament, so he is kicked out and replaced by King William the 3rd and Queen Mary the 2nd.

Question 31

James the 1st (James the 6th)

Answer 31

He was originally King James the 6th of Scotland, but then he inherited the English throne and was the first king named James in England, so he’s James the 6th and 1st of Scotland and England. He is the first member of the Stuart monarchy.