Unit 4 Flashcards
1
Q
What to do during reading
A
- Reading requires the on going interaction of your mind and the printed page
- Bring your knowledge and experience to bear on a piece of writing can help you assess its events, ideas, and conclusions
- When reading you must understand each point that’s made, consider how the various parts fit together, and try to anticipate the direction the writing will take
- Successful reading requires work. There are many strategies to use
2
Q
Orienting your Reading
A
- Different purposes require different approaches to reading( figure out why you are reading)
- Reading for yourself allows you to slow down and savor a section, speed up, or break off when you wish
- Reading for information, solid understanding, or to critique the writing that calls for a more methodical approach
3
Q
When Orienting Your Reading Ask Yourself
A
- Why am I reading this material?
- How well do I need to know the material in the article?
- Is some material in the article more important to me than other material?
- What will I need to do with the material from the article
- What kind of reading does the material suggest
4
Q
A First Reading
A
-Because of the challenging nature of most college level reading assignment, you should plan on more than one reading
5
Q
A First Reading: Orient Yourself to the Background of the Essay
A
- Before you start reading you should scan any accompanying biographic sketch and try to and determine the writers expertise and views on a topic
- Sometime there is material by the author or the editor of the writing of the essay
- Professional essays often start with an abstract thought that provides a brief summary of the article.
- You need to judge the credibility of the paper based on the information above
6
Q
A First Reading: Use the Title as a Clue
A
- Most titles identify the topic and often the viewpoint of the paper
- Some titles signal the author’s primary strategy, whether it is a comparison, definition, or argument
7
Q
A First Reading: Skim to Get the Gist of the Article
A
- Sometimes you can just read the introduction, conclusion, and topic sentences
- Other times you will need to read the whole essay quickly
- Try to gain an idea of the essay’s main thrust, the key ideas that support it, and the way it is organized
8
Q
A First Reading: Make Connections with What You Have Read
A
- After you finish skimming but before you think about what you have learned. express it in your own words (written or spoken)
- You will only really understand it if you can say the information in your own words
- If you are having trouble go back and read the thesis statement, identify the writing strategies, and connect what you already know about the issue to what you just read
9
Q
Additional Readings
A
- If the material was difficult or you need to know it well, a second or even third reading may be necessary
- On the second reading, which will take more time, carefully absorb the writers idea’s
10
Q
Additional Reading: Read Carefully and Actively
A
- Read at a pace suitable to the material
- Underline significant topic sentences, key sentences ideas, and facts you find important, but underlining doesn’t ensure comprehension
- May want to write down main points in your own words
- Examine the supporting sentences to see how well they back up the main idea
- Look for how the essay fits together
11
Q
Additional Reading: Consider Reading as a Kind of Conversation with the Text
A
- Ask questions about facts, reason, ideas, and anything in the essay
- Write down questions and answers in margins
- Good writers anticipate questions and answer them within the text
- When you see the answer you will make connections
12
Q
Additional Reading: Master Unfamiliar Words
A
- Unfamiliar words can hinder you grasp on the material
- When you find a new world circle it, use context elves, look it up in the dictionary, and write down what it means
- If the whole writing is filled with unknown words you should read it all to get the general drift, then look up keywords then reread the writing
13
Q
Additional Reading: Take Conscious Steps to Understand Difficult Material
A
-When ideas of a section are difficult to understand, restate what you do understand and try to restate the difficult section in you own words.
14
Q
Strategies to help understand difficult material
A
- State the ideas that are easier for you to understand and use them as keys to unlock meanings that are difficult but not unintelligible. Save the hardest for last. Don’t have to understand everything completely
- Discuss a difficult essay with others who are reading it
- Read simpler material on the topic
- Go to your teacher for help. They may have background material that will make it easier to understand
15
Q
Additional Reading: Pull the Entire Essay Together
A
- After finishing a major section, express your sense of what it means by speaking out loud or writing it down
- If you have trouble seeing the connections try visually representing them with outlines, tables, and writing down main ideas and facts
16
Q
How to strengthen your knowledge of the information
A
- To strengthen the grasp of the material, try restating its main points a couple of days after the second reading
- It could be helpful to explain the material to a sympathetic listener or make a test over the material
- If the information becomes hazy or slips your mind you should reread the material
17
Q
Master Reading Problems: Facts that are important to effective reading
A
- Read when you are most alert
- Be in an environment that let you concentrate and is well lit
- Be rested and comfortable
- If you get tired, take a break for a specific time period
- If something is bothering you, resolve it or put it out of mind
- If the material is uninteresting try to find a connection between the topic and your interest and goals
18
Q
What to do for extream reading problems
A
-There are reading courses and tutors at college who can help you
19
Q
Reading to Critique
A
- In college you will have to evaluate what you read and tell what ou think about what you read
- Whether you agree or disagree with the essay
- Write an explicit critique of what you read
- Not all essays are true and acceptable, it might use faulty logic, unreasonable ideas, suspect fact, or unreliable authorities
- knowledge of the principle argument and various reasoning fallacies can help you critique a piece of writing
20
Q
Reading to Critique: Things to think about
A
- Does it match your experience?
- Do the pieces of evidence support he claim?
- Do the ideas appear reasonable?
- Are there other pieces of evidence or other works that contradict these claims?
- Do the ideas connect in a large way
21
Q
Reading as a Writer
A
- People who write can use reading as an improvement for their writing and can make their reading useful
- When reading the views of others, experiences they relate and the information they present will deepen your understanding of yourself, you relationships and surroundings
- Those deepened understandings can broaden perspective and supply you with writing ideas
22
Q
Ideas for using writing as materials in a paper
A
- Some writers keep journal where they jot down writing ideas that come to mind, specific ideas, facts, and quotations, but do not plagiarise the material
- When reading many sources that explore the same topic record them and link their information for a paper
- Use many sources when looking for information for a paper
- Pay attention to other people’s writing and strategies and figure out if they are good or bad, and why they are good or bad
23
Q
When writing you should
A
- Review your information
- Determine the points you want to make
- Experiment until you find the order that works the best
- Always give credit to authors properly to avoid plagiarism
24
Q
Synthesis
A
- Read many works that have a similar connection
- Start the essay with the ideas of one particular work
- Then add details from other works to support your main idea
- Add some ideas and thoughts of your own
25
Writing about what you read
- In college you will be asked to write about what you read in forms of research papers of short summaries and critiques
* summaries
* Critiques
26
Writing a Summary
- A summary states the main point of an essay in your own words and should be so good that a person shouldn't have to read he essay to understand it
- To prepare to write a summary, follow the steps or effective reading, make an outline, don't plagaris the authords words, and don't put your opion in the summary
27
A Summary should include
- Provide a context for the essay
- State the thesis
- Conclude by pulling the essay together
- Introduce the author of the essay
- State the main points of the essay
28
Writing A Critique
- you will be asked to give your views on an essay and say if you agree or disagree
- Remember you can agee with half of what the author siads and disagree with other parts
- A critique combines a summary of the article with your thoughtful reaction and will be several paragraphs long
- A well prepared critiequ will follow the steps for reading effectivley and reading critically
29
A Critique Includes
- A context for the essay
- An introduction to the author
- A statement of the essay's thesis
- The theiss for your critique
- A summary of the essay
- A statement of the points in which you agree
- A statement with reasons and evidence for your disagreement
- A conclusion
