Unit 4 - Animal Phyla

Question 1

The group of animals in the Kingdom Animalia without a vertebral comumn

Answer 1

Invertebrates

Question 2

Group of animals of the Kingdom Animalia with a vertebral column

Answer 2

Vertebrates

Question 3

The characteristics of an animal that shows that it can be cut in one or more planes to obtain two mirror images

Answer 3

Symmetry

Question 4

The characteristic of an animal that shows that it cannot be cut in any plane to obtain two mirror images

Answer 4

Asymmetrical

Question 5

Type of symmetry present in an animal that can be cut in more than one vertical plane through its centre to obtain two mirror images

Answer 5

Radial symmetry

Question 6

The type of symmetry present in an animal that can only be cut in one vertical plane through its centre to obtain two mirror images

Answer 6

Bilateral symmetry

Question 7

A concentration of nerve cells at the anterior of the body

Answer 7

Cephalisation

Question 8

The outer germ layer in a developimg animal embryo

Answer 8

Ectoderm

Question 9

Inner germ layer in a developing animal embryo

Answer 9

Endoderm

Question 10

The germ layer between the ecto- and endoderm on a developing animal embryo

Answer 10

Mesoderm

Question 11

The characteristic of animals which indicates that the embryo has two germ layers

Answer 11

Diploblastic

Question 12

The non-cellular jelly layer that separates the endo- and ectoderm

Answer 12

Mesoglea

Question 13

The characteristic of animals which indicates that the embryo has three germ layers

Answer 13

Triploblastic

Question 14

An interior fluid-filled cavity in the mesoderm of triploblastic animals

Answer 14

Coelom

Question 15

Triploblastic animals with no coelom in the mesoderm

Answer 15

Acoekomates

Question 16

Triploblastic animals which have a coelom but it is not only surrounded by mesoderm tissue

Answer 16

Pseudo-coelomates

Question 17

Triploblastic with a true coelom in the mesoderm

Answer 17

Coelomates

Question 18

The intake of foof

Answer 18

Ingestion

Question 19

The removal of undigested remains

Answer 19

Egestion

Question 20

The type of digestive process which occurs when new food can only be taken in once all food already ingested has been digested and the undigested remains are egested

Answer 20

Discontinuous

Question 21

The type of digestive tract occurring in coelomate animals that have a mouth and an anus

Answer 21

Through gut

Question 22

The type of digestive process that can continue during ingestion and digestion

Answer 22

Continuous

Question 23

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes sponges

Answer 23

Porifera

Question 24

The level of organisation in the phylum Porifera where no tissue layers are present

Answer 24

Cellular level of organisation

Question 25

The sedimentary lifestyle of sponges, where they are attached to a substrate

Answer 25

Sessile

Question 26

The large opening on the top of a sponge with a vase shape

Answer 26

Osculum

Question 27

The large central cavity in the sponge body

Answer 27

Spongocoel

Question 28

Specialised cells which line the spongocoel and play a role in filter feeding

Answer 28

Collar cells

Question 29

The protein fires that, together with the spicules, occur between the endo- and ectoderm of a sponge

Answer 29

Spongin

Question 30

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes blue bottles and jellyfish

Answer 30

Cnidaria

Question 31

The central cavity, with a mouth opening to the outside, as found in Cnidaria

Answer 31

Coelenteron

Question 32

The cylindrical, sessile body form with a basal disc found in Cnidaria

Answer 32

Polyp

Question 33

The flattened, umbrella shape, free-swimming body form with tentacles on the edges and a mouth on the undersides as found in Cnidaria

Answer 33

Medusa

Question 34

Specialised cells on the tentacles of Cnidaria adapted to catch, paralyse and grasp prey

Answer 34

Stinging cell

Question 35

The invaginated, sac-like structure, the nematocyst, filled with a toxic fluid, which occurs in the stinging cell

Answer 35

Nematocyst

Question 36

The trigger that responds to a chemical substance in animal prey

Answer 36

Cnidocil

Question 37

The tissue layer in Cnidaria that is adapted for digestion and absorption of nutrients

Answer 37

Endoderm

Question 38

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes flatworms

Answer 38

Platyhelmenthes

Question 39

The outer layer covering the epidermis, which protects parasitic flatworms against enzyme action in their hosts

Answer 39

Cuticle

Question 40

The type of digestive tract occurring in some flatworms, with only one opening e.g. a mouth at the front

Answer 40

Sac-like gut

Question 41

Process through which gases are transported in flatworms

Answer 41

Diffusion

Question 42

Specialised cells in Platyhelmenthes responsible for excretion

Answer 42

Flame cells

Question 43

Teh phylum in the animal kingdom which includes segmented worms

Answer 43

Annelida

Question 44

The cavity in the mesoderm as found in the kindgom Annelida

Answer 44

Coelom

Question 45

The germ layer that gives rise to the epidermis, cuticle and nervous system in Annelida

Answer 45

Ectoderm

Question 46

The type of skeleton found in Annelida

Answer 46

Hydrostatic skeleton

Question 47

The type of digestive tract, in Annelida, where a mouth and a us occur

Answer 47

Through gut

Question 48

The type of blood system found in Annelida, where blood is restricted to blood vessels

Answer 48

Closed blood system

Question 49

The excretory organs for nitrogenous waste in Annelida

Answer 49

Nephridia

Question 50

The most advanced phylum of all invertebrates

Answer 50

Arthropoda

Question 51

The type of skeleton found in crustaceans

Answer 51

Exoskeleton

Question 52

The polysaccharide which occurs in the exoskeleton of Arthropoda

Answer 52

Chtiin

Question 53

The reduced blood-filled coelom in Arthropoda

Answer 53

Haemocoel

Question 54

The type of blood system found in Arthropoda, where the blood occurs in blood vessels, but is not restricted to blood vessels

Answer 54

Open blood system

Question 55

The specialised organs for gaseous exchange found in insects

Answer 55

Tracheae

Question 56

The most advanced phylum in the animal kingdom

Answer 56

Chordata

Question 57

The dorsal, rod-like structure of connective tissue found in the embryonic stadia of animals belonging to the phylum Chordata

Answer 57

Notochord

Question 58

The sub-phylum under which animals with vertebral colum are classified

Answer 58

Vertebrata

Question 59

The type of symmetry found in members of the phylum Chordata

Answer 59

Bilateral symmetry

Question 60

The type of skeleton found in Chordata

Answer 60

Endoskeleton

Question 61

The specialised organs for gaseous exchange found in fish

Answer 61

Gills

Question 62

The process through which dead plant and animal material are broken down to simple nutrients

Answer 62

Decomposition

Question 63

The schematic representation used to indicate the evolutionary relationship between different groups of animals

Answer 63

Phylogenetic tree