Unit 4 AOS2 Mental Health Flashcards
(29 cards)
wellbeing
a state of feeling mentally, physically and socially healthy
mental wellbeing
specifically psychological.
a state of being psychologically healthy in terms of positive thinking, good cognitive functioning and regulation of emotions
levels of functioning
the extent to which someone can complete day to day tasks effectivley and independently.
if good mental health, they have adaptive functioing and can cope with challenges of life.
if bad mental health, they show maladaptive or dysfunctional behaviour where functioning is impaired/reduced.
resilience
a person’s ability to adapt positively to change
social wellbeing
a person’s ability to form and maintain healthy relationships and be adaptable in differenet social situations.
emotional wellbeing
a person’s ability to control and express motions appropiately as well as understand others’ emotions
mental health
a state of emotional and social wellbeing where an individual realises his or her own abilites and can cope with the normal stresses of life
people who are mentally healthy can:
- function at higher levels
- cope & manage life’s challenges
- work productively
- contribute constructively to their community
- form and maintain good relationships
- feel, express and manage a range of exmotions
- learn from their experiences
- think logically and clearly
- enjoy and appreciate other people
mental health problems
are commonly experienced by all people and are common responses to traumatic life events
ppl w/ mental helath problems may:
- feel worried, tense, low, irritable, quiet
- feel sadness or despair associated with loss or grief
- have difficulties concentrating, making decisions and thinking clearly
- become forgetful
- socially withdraw
- develop negative feelings or attitudes
mental disorders
A mental disorder is characterized by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behaviour.
are considered to be mor4e serious and persistent (can sometimes devlop from circumstances or mental health problems left undealt with)
ppl w/ mental helath disorders may experience:
- anxiety disorder
- obsessive comulsive disorder
- mood disorder: depression, bipolar
- psychotic disorder: schizophrenia
- personality disorder
- neurodedvelopmental disorder
- substance related addictive disorders
Stress
A state of physiological and psychological arousal produced by internal or external stressor that are percieved by the individual as challenging or exceeding their ability or resources to cope, may be acute, episodic or chronic
anxiety
a state of psychological and physiological arousal that involves feelings of worry or apprhension about a perceived threat (unknown stimulus - future). It can involve uneasiness that is wrong or something unpleasant is about to happen.
Phobia
an anxiety disorder involving excessive, persistent distress over a long period of time which disrupts aspects of dsily functioning.
key characteristics of stress, anxiety, phobia
stress:
- positive or negative associated feelings
- adaptive or maladaptive
- known stimulus
- eustress or distress
- sympathetic NS activation
- mental health levels fluctuate
Anxiety:
- negative associated feelings
- adaptive and maladaptive
- UNKNOWN stimulus
- distress only
- sympathetic NS
- mental health levels fluctuate
Phobia:
- negative associated feelings
- maladaptive
- known stimulus
- distress only
- sympathetic NS
- low levels of mental wellbeing
self determintation
refers to the ability of the ATSI peoples to determine their own, political, social, economic and cultural development.
cultural continuity
refers to the ability to both preserve and pass on ATSI peoples rich cultural heritage, traditions, knowledge and practices
psychoeducation
the provision and explanantion of info about a mental disorder to increase knowledge and understanding of the disorder and its treatment. It is a social intervention and involves family contribution. It encourages individuals to recognise and challenge their unrealistic thoughts
cognitive behavioural therapy
seeks to change thoughts and behaviours that perpetuate the phobia and to improve coping skills. It aims to address thought patterns and uncover cognitive biases.
Thoughts are:
-challenged
-researched
-invalidated
-discouraged with relaxation techniques
systematic desensitisation
gradual exposure technique that aims to replace an anxiety response with a relaxation response.
It involves classical conditioning to unlearn the connection between axniety and the phobic stimulus and then reassociate feelings of relaxation with the stimulus.
step 1: learning of relaxation technique
step 2: fear hierarchy
step 3: gradual step-by-step exposure
step 4: continuation of exposre until anxiety has ceased
biopsychosocial approach of mental wellbeing and phobias
the biopsychosocial approach systematically considers biological, psychological, and social factors and their interactions in understanding mental health, illness, and health care delivery
memory bias
is the distorting influence of present feelings, thoughts or beliefs on recall of previous experiences. Sometimes referred to as ‘selective memory’
GABA dysfunction
GABA Dysfunction:
- lack of GABA transmission leads to overstimulation of neurons, and thus heightened anxiety
- an anxiety disorder might be the result of a dysfucntional GABA system which is not making enough of this neurotransmitter leading to pver stimulation by excitatory neurotransmitters
cognitive bias
can be habituta ways of thinking about a situatiom that can lead to faulty judgement or decision-making. They can make an individual mroe prone to experiencing fear or anciety about a stimulus
stigma
- Stigma is an attitude or belief when someone views someone in a negative way because they have a distinguishing characteristic or personal trait that’s thought to be, or actually is, a disadvantage
- when people view those with mental illness in a negative way. often due to ignorance of mental helath disorders.
- this then leads mental health problems to be worse and stop a person from getting help/treatment
breathing retraining
- an anxiety management technique which consists of learning to breathe in a controlled rhythmic pattern
- restores carbon dioxide levels in the blood
- this technique slows breathing so that shortness of breathe isn’t linked to phobic stimulus
