Unit 4 CED

Question 1

Between 1450 and 1750, “knowledge, scientific learning, and technology from –three– worlds spread,” facilitating European technological developments and innovation.” From what three worlds did this stuff spread, helping Europe advance?

Answer 1

Classical, Islamic, Asian

Question 2

Between 1450 and 1750, technological/ intellectual developments that helped Europe get ahead included what three things?

Answer 2

Knowledge, scientific learning, and technology from the classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds

Question 3

Between 1450 and 1750, Europe experienced the “production
of new tools, innovations in ship designs, and an improved understanding of regional wind and currents patterns.” What two things became possible because of those advances?

Answer 3

transoceanic travel and trade

Question 4

Who supported transoceanic maritime exploration during the period 1450-1750?

Answer 4

States

Question 5

What kind of empire did Portugal create starting around 1450?

Answer 5

Trading Post Empire

Question 6

Who sponsored –paid for– “the voyages of Columbus and subsequent voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific” in the time period 1450-1750?

Answer 6

Spanish

Question 7

Between 1450 and 1750, “Portuguese development of maritime
technology and navigational skills led to increased travel to and trade with” what two places?

Answer 7

Africa and Asia

Question 8

What “dramatically increased” because of the voyages that Spain sponsored in the time period 1450-1750?

Answer 8

European interest in transoceanic travel and trade

Question 9

“Northern Atlantic crossings were undertaken” by what three countries in the time period 1450-1750?

Answer 9

English, French, Dutch

Question 10

What was often the goal of the countries who explored the North Atlantic in the time period 1450-1750?

Answer 10

Finding alternative sailing routes to Asia

Question 11

What was the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 11

New connections between the E and W hemispheres resulted in an exchange of new plants, animals, and diseases.

Question 12

“European colonization of the Americas led to the unintentional transfer of disease vectors, including” what two animals?

Answer 12

Mosquitoes and Rats

Question 13

European colonization of the Americas caused “the spread of diseases that were endemic in the Eastern Hemisphere, including” what three diseases?

Answer 13

Smallpox,measels, and malaria

Question 14

What was the major effect of the diseases that the Europeans brought to the New World?

Answer 14

substantially reduced the indigenous population

Question 15

After the Columbian Exchange, “American foods became staple crops in various parts of” what three places?

Answer 15

Europe, Asia, and Africa

Question 16

After the Columbian Exchange, “cash crops were grown primarily on plantations” that used what kind of labor?

Answer 16

coerced

Question 17

After the Columbian Exchange, cash crops were grown on plantations in the Americas. Where were the crops exported to?

Answer 17

Europe and the Middle East

Question 18

What 4 agricultural things “were brought by Europeans to the Americas” in the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 18

Afro-Eurasian fruit trees, grains, sugar, and domesticated animals

Question 19

Other than Europeans, who brought kinds of food to the New World in the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 19

African Slaves

Question 20

Who “benefitted nutritionally from the increased diversity of
American food crops” after the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 20

Populations in Afro-Eurasia

Question 21

Who profited when “Europeans established new trading posts in
Africa and Asia” in the period 1450-1750?

Answer 21

Rulers and merchants involved in new global trade networks

Question 22

Why did some Asian states adopt “restrictive or isolationist trade policies” in the period 1450-1750?

Answer 22

to limit the disruptive cultural and economic effects of European-dominated long-distance trade.

Question 23

What three kinds of rivalries drove European states to establish new maritime empires in the period 1450-1750?

Answer 23

political, religious, economic

Question 24

The CED lists 5 European countries that established new maritime empires in the period 1450-1750. What are the 5 countries?

Answer 24

Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, French, British