Unit 4 - Crime And Punishment

Question 1

Judicial Precedent

Answer 1

When a point of law is established in a case, cases with similar facts must apply the same law

Question 2

First Reading

Answer 2

The name and aims are read out and a formal vote is taken

Question 3

Second Reading

Answer 3

The main debate and another vote

Question 4

Committee Stage

Answer 4

A group of representatives look at the Bill to address any issues

Question 5

Report Stage

Answer 5

The Committee report back who then vote on proposed amendments

Question 6

Royal Assent

Answer 6

The Monarch signs the Bill to make it an Act of Parliament

Question 7

Statutory Interpretation

Answer 7

Judges interpret words and phrases in the law

Question 8

Crime Control Model

Answer 8

Punish criminals
Protect victim’s rights
Enhance police powers
Colin Stagg

Question 9

Due Process Model

Answer 9

Innocent until proven guilty
Limit police powers
Protect defendent’s rights
Sion Jenkins

Question 10

Rational Ideology

Answer 10

Internal form of social control
Your conscience
Your own feelings of right and wrong

Question 11

Tradition

Answer 11

Internal form of social control

Religion or culture or upbringing

Question 12

Social Rules And Morality

Answer 12

Internal form of social control

Society’s values

Question 13

Coercion

Answer 13

External form of social control
The use of force.
Physical - Injury, imprisonment, death penalty
Non-physical - Strike, boycott

Question 14

Fear Of Punishment

Answer 14

External form of social control
Individual deterrence - Prevent the offender from further offending
General deterrence - Prevent society from committing similar offences

Question 15

Containment

Answer 15

Inner containment - Upbringing and family influence
Outer containment - Influence of society
The combination prevents deviation from social norms

Question 16

Control Theory

Answer 16

Social bonds are required to prevent offending
Attachment to parents and peers
Commitment to goal accomplishment
Involvement with social activities
Belief in society's values

Question 17

Aims Of Sentencing

Answer 17

Retribution, rehabilitation, deterrence, public protection, reparation, denunciation

Question 18

Retribution

Answer 18

Payback/revenge.

Question 19

Rehabilitation

Answer 19

Reform offenders. Change their mindset.

Question 20

Deterrence

Answer 20

To put the offender or society as a whole off of committing the crime

Question 21

Public Protection

Answer 21

Also known as incapacitation. Protect the public from criminal behaviour

Question 22

Reparation

Answer 22

Compensation to the individual or society as a whole. Giving back.

Question 23

Denunciation

Answer 23

Reinforcing that society views something as wrong

Question 24

Absolute Discharge

Answer 24

For minor offences. Found guilty but no punishment is given

Question 25

Conditional Discharge

Answer 25

For minor offences. Found guilty but no penalty is given if no further crime is committed. If further crime is committed they can be charged for the original and new offence

Question 26

Aims Of The Police

Answer 26

Reduce crime and maintain law and order using the statutory powers of arrest, detention, search and interview

Question 27

Funding Of The Police

Answer 27

Government funded

Question 28

Working Practices Of The Police

Answer 28

Officers who are responsible for general beat duties and respond to calls from the public. There are specialist operations in the police such as anti-terrorism

Question 29

Aims Of The CPS

Answer 29

Decide which cases are prosecuted, present the case in a courtroom and determine appropriate charges.

Question 30

Funding Of The CPS

Answer 30

Government funded. Sale of criminal assets.