Unit 4 History

Question 1

Iron Curtain

Answer 1

The Iron Curtain is significant for its role in symbolizing the division of Europe during the Cold War, its impact on international relations, and its eventual dissolution, which marked the end of the Cold War era and the spread of democracy and capitalism in Eastern Europe.

Question 2

Cold War

Answer 2

The Cold War was a global political and ideological struggle between capitalist and communist countries, particularly between the two surviving superpowers of the postwar world: the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

Question 3

Long Telegram

Answer 3

Relations between the United States and the Soviet Union—erstwhile allies—soured soon after World War II. On February 22, 1946, less than a year after the end of the war, the chargé d’affaires of the U.S. embassy in Moscow, George Kennan sent a famously lengthy telegram—literally referred to as the Long Telegram—to the State Department denouncing the Soviet Union.

Question 4

Containment

Answer 4

Containment means to contain something and keep it in a certain area.
This was used to contain communism

Question 5

NSC-68

Answer 5

It was a highly influential document created in 1950 during the early years of the Cold War. NSC-68 was a top-secret U.S. government report about how to deal with the Soviets.

Question 6

Marshall Plan

Answer 6

It was a plan to provide financial and economic aid to Western European countries to help them recover from the devastation of the war.

Question 7

Berlin Airlift

Answer 7

The Soviets blocke roads and railway to the city so they couldn’t get supplies. So the US used planes to bring in supplies they needed.

Question 8

Korean War

Answer 8

This was a war between North Korea and South Korea from 1950 to 1953.
America had a good relationship with South Korea and when North korea and South korea fought over communism it was a big concern for the US because they didn’t want communism to spread.

Question 9

Joesph McCarthy

Answer 9

Joesph McCarthy would spread lies about communism and would go after people and say they were communists.

Question 10

HUAC

Answer 10

In Congress, the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (SPSI) held hearings on communist influence in American society. Between 1949 and 1954, congressional committees conducted over one hundred investigations into subversive activities.

Question 11

Pearl Harbor

Answer 11

On the morning of December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor. Japanese military planners hoped to destroy enough battleships and aircraft carriers to cripple American naval power for years.

Question 12

D-Day

Answer 12

It was the largest amphibious assault in history. The Allied landings at Normandy were successful, and although progress across France was much slower than hoped for, Paris was liberated roughly two months later. Allied bombing expeditions meanwhile continued to level German cities and industrial capacity.

Question 13

VE Day

Answer 13

During V-E day, they redirected their full attention to the still-raging Pacific War. As in Europe, the war in the Pacific started slowly. After Pearl Harbor, the American-controlled Philippine archipelago fell to Japan. After running out of ammunition and supplies, the garrison of American and Filipino soldiers surrendered. It stood for victory day in Europe.

Question 14

Impact of War on Consumers

Answer 14

World War II had an impact on consumers and the way they lived, spent, and made choices during and after the war.

Question 15

Bracero Program

Answer 15

The Bracero Program was a significant guest worker program between the United States and Mexico that operated from 1942 to 1964

Question 16

Rosie the Riveter

Answer 16

She was a cultural icon that represents the American women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, particularly in the United States. The term Rosie the Riveter was popularized by a famous poster created by artist J. Howard Miller in 1942.

Question 17

Executive Order 8802

Answer 17

Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 25, 1941, was a significant milestone in the civil rights movement in the United States. It was issued in response to pressure from civil rights activists, especially A. Philip Randolph, who had planned a protest march on Washington, D.C., to demand equal job opportunities for African Americans in the defense industry during World War II.

Question 18

Double V Campaign

Answer 18

African American sought victory abroad and victory at home.
They were fighting for equal rights after the war as veterans and at home because they also fought in the war.

Question 19

Executive Order 9066

Answer 19

Executive Order 9066 was a U.S. government action during World War II that ordered the forced relocation and internment of over 120,000 Japanese Americans.

Question 20

Japanese Internment

Answer 20

After the attack on peral harbor the US put japanese people in camps so they could spy on the US.

Question 21

Manhattan Project

Answer 21

The secret project that created the atomic bomb.
The atomic bomb was used two different time on japan and killed more than 100,000 people.

Question 22

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Answer 22

These were the two cities that were bombed.
The cities were bombed so Japan would just surrender before more americans died and the soviets wanted to join.

Question 23

Victory in Japan

Answer 23

After the two cities were bombed jampan surrendered
Japan was already almost about two give up but after more tham 100,000 people died they surrendered

Question 24

American Response to the Holocaust

Answer 24

America didn’t know for sure if the things they were hearing about the holocaust were real so they didn’t help right away.
After many Jews had been killed and the US for sure knew what was going on they did help some Jews escape.

Question 25

St. Louis

Answer 25

The German ship St. Louis carried over nine hundred Jewish refugees. They could not find a country that would take them. The passengers could not receive visas under the U.S. quota system. A State Department wire to one passenger read that all must “await their turns on the waiting list and qualify for and obtain immigration visas before they may be admissible into the United States.

Question 26

Manchuria 1931

Answer 26

Someone blew up a section of railroad owned by Japan’s South Manchuria Railway. Japan blamed the event on Chinese dissidents, and the Japanese military invaded.
The events in Manchuria in 1931 were significant because they marked the beginning of Japan’s aggressive expansionist policies in Asia, leading up to World War II

Question 27

Isolationism

Answer 27

Most supporters of isolationism favored international trade and certain bilateral agreements in the 1930s. Most also respected the international laws that had been put in place since World War I. Isolationists wanted to stay out of war.

Question 28

Neutrality Act of 1935

Answer 28

The Neutrality Act of 1935 specifically prohibited shipping or carrying arms to
warring nations. The act also established a National Munitions Board to bring the armament industry under control of the government. The act, however, did not bar the trade of other potential war materials like steel and oil.

Question 29

Neutrality Act of 1937

Answer 29

Belligerent nations were allowed, at the discretion of the President, to acquire any items except arms from the United States, so long as they immediately paid for such items and carried them on non-American ships
Banned weapon sales to spain.

Question 30

Nanking

Answer 30

A city in eastern China on the Yangtze River
It was a scene of a Japanese massacre that happened in the 1930’s

Question 31

Invasion of Poland 1939

Answer 31

Was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union
It started WW2

Question 32

Neutrality Act of 1939

Answer 32

The Neutrality Act of 1935 specifically prohibited shipping or carrying arms to
warring nations.
This made it so countries that we didn’t like or were going through a rough time could get guns.

Question 33

Interventionists

Answer 33

People who thought that isolationism would not keep Japan and Germany away.
They wanted to take action even if it meant war

Question 34

America First Committee

Answer 34

The America First Committee (AFC), formed in September of 1940, devoted itself to keeping the United States out of war.
Lots of people didn’t care about what was happening overseas and wanted to just focus on what was going on in America