Unit 4 - HR Flashcards
(25 cards)
define span of control
number of employees managed directly by another employee
define delegation
passing down of authority to more junior employees
define delayering
removal of one or more levels of hierarchy from a businesses organisational structure
what are some differences between flat and tall structures
tall structure; narrow span, larger and no levels, little independence and slower communication
flat structure; wide span, few levels, junior employees have more authority, faster communication
define centralisation
when a small number of senior managers in a business take all the important decisions
define decentralisation
employees working in all areas of the business make decisions
explain the benefits and drawbacks of centralisation
benefits- cant leave pressure on senior managers, can motivate employees if given authority to make decisions
drawbacks- training may be needed, can be costly
benefits and drawbacks of decentralisation
benefits- can reduce pressure on senior managers, lead to better decisions
drawbacks- training may be needed, need good communication
difference between internal and external recruitment
internal recruitment takes place when a job vacancy is filled from within the existing workforce whereas external recruitment is filling a job vacancy from any suitable person not already employed by the business
what are the benefits and drawbacks of internal recruitment
benefits- experience of the business, employees have a chance of promotion
drawbacks- training is costly for those who may not have the right skills
benefits and drawbacks of external recruitment
benefits- managers have a wider choice of candidates, provides new employees who have the right skills
drawbacks- business knows less about the person so more mistakes can be made
stages in the recruitment process
1- business need to recruit because of people leaving etc
2- job descriptions and person specifications drawn up
3- job descriptions are advertised internally or externally
4- applications are received and kept until closing date
what are the benefits of effective recruitment and selection
a suitable employee that will work good, increase productivity
what are the 4 types of contract of employment
full time, part time, job sharing, zero hours contract
what are the benefits of full time contract of employment
full time employees may be more skilled and experienced as they work longer and employees are paid for more hours each week
what are the benefits of part time contract of employment
can help businesses cope with busy periods during the week and employees can work at the same time as doing something else
benefits of motivated workers
increased productivity levels and higher levels of sale
examples of financial motivation
salaries, wages, piecework (employees paid by quantity of products produced), commission
examples of non-financial motivation
increasing authority through job enrichment, training, management styles, fringe benefits
benefits of training
improvements in productivity, more motivated employees, improved rates of employee retention
explain the types of training
induction training- given to an employee when they first start a job
on the job training- given in the workplace
off the job training- provided outside the employees place of work
benefits and drawbacks of on the job training
benefits- cheap, targeted to exact needs of a business, increased use of computers
drawbacks- unlikely to bring new ideas in business and more employees being unavailable to work in those hours
benefits and drawbacks of off the job training
benefits- brings new ideas, expensive so motivates employees
drawbacks- expensive so less profit for business and businesses take a risk
benefits of induction training
new employees to integrate with existing workforce and avoids low rates of staff retention
