Unit 4- Insects and Arthropods

Question 1

What are characteristics of arthropods

Answer 1

Segmented body (3 segments), bilaterally symmetrical, paired segmented appendages, and chitinous exoskeleton, and more

Question 2

What is the difference between biological and mechanical transmission

Answer 2

In biological the pathogen must reproduce or develop in the arthropod before transmission and for mechanical the vector does not aid in reproduction or development of the pathogen

Question 3

What type of vector is required in the parasite growth/development and/or multiplication

Answer 3

Biological

Question 4

What is the difference between vertical and horizontal transmission

Answer 4

Vertical is transmission between vectors during lifecycle stages or from female to progeny and horizontal is between vectors via vertebrate hosts

Question 5

What are the characteristics of the class insecta

Answer 5

3 distinct body regions- head, thorax, abdomen, one pair of antennae, 3 pairs of legs, 1-2 pairs of wings

Question 6

T/F flies undergo an incomplete metamorphosis

Answer 6

False- they have a complete metamorphosis from egg to larvae (with multiple instars sometimes) to pupa to adult

Question 7

Which fly suborder are the “primitive” dipterans and the larvae have a well developed head and biting mandibles and there is no pupa stage

Answer 7

Nematocera

Question 8

What do the Nematoceras feed on

Answer 8

Both sexes feed on plant juices and females only feed on blood for extra nutrition for egg maturation purposes

Question 9

Which Diptera suborder contains Tabanidae (horse flies and deer flies)

Answer 9

Brachycera

Question 10

What flies have larvae with an incomplete retractable head and are aquatic and very large adults

Answer 10

Brachycera

Question 11

Which fly suborder have headless larvae with mouth hooks and pupa enclosed in puparium

Answer 11

Cyclorrhapha

Question 12

What suborder contains blow flies, sheep keds, bot flies, and house and stable flies

Answer 12

Cyclorrhapha

Question 13

What is Myiasis

Answer 13

The parasitic invasion of the body of a mammal by fly larvae (maggots)- only the larval stages and in both living and non-living vertebrates

Question 14

What are 3 characteristics of the degree of myiasis

Answer 14

1. Accidental- animal ingests contaminated items
2. Facultative- opportunistic flies exploit living tissue, open sores, but host NOT essential to complete life cycle
3. Obligatory- always parasitic, require the living host for development and completion of life cycle