Unit 4 review Flashcards
1
Q
Why do we use anatomical terms?
A
- precisely describe the location of features on the bod
- ex: Pimple is 2xm superior to the navel
2
Q
explain anatomical position
A
- Standing upright, arms at sides, palms forward, feet together
-
3
Q
defne anatomical position
A
- standard position in which structures are described
4
Q
when not to use anatomical position
A
- Never apply them sitting or upside down or bent over.
5
Q
What do the left and right sides refer to?
A
Left and right sides of the person in anatomical position (not you as observer).
6
Q
Define anterior:
A
Anterior= front of body
7
Q
Give an example using anterior
A
Navel is on anterior surface of body
8
Q
Define posterior:
A
Posterior= back of body
9
Q
Give an example using posterior
A
Heel is posterior to the toes
10
Q
Define superior:
A
Superior= above or towards the head
11
Q
Give an example using superior
A
Point A is superior to point B
12
Q
Define inferior:
A
Inferior= below or towards the feet
13
Q
Give an example using inferior
A
Point C is inferior to point B
14
Q
What is the special rule about proximal and distal
A
Only use when describing 2 points on the SAME limb (arm or leg)
15
Q
Define proximal:
A
Proximal= closer to where arm or leg insert into body (shoulder, hip)
16
Q
Define distal:
A
Distal= further away from where arm or leg inserts into body
17
Q
Give an example of proximal from the video:
A
Knee is proximal to ankle
18
Q
Give an example of distal from the video:
A
Wrist is distal to elbow
19
Q
What does midline refer to?
A
Midline refers to imaginary line that cuts the body in half vertically
20
Q
Define medial:
A
Medial= closer to midline
21
Q
Define lateral:
A
Lateral= farther from midline
22
Q
Your thumb is — to your pinky finger.
A
lateral
23
Q
Describe the position of the nose relative (compared to) the eyes
A
The nose are:
inferior to the eyes
medial to midline
Anterior to the eyes
24
Q
Why are sections/planes used?
A
Sections/planes are used for cutting the body into slices. Observe body at different angles
25
Define the sagittal plane:
Sagittal plane= vertical cut that divides the body into left and right portions
26
Midsagittal plane=
if cut is through midline
27
para-sagilital=
if the cut is off from midline
28
What parts does the frontal plane divide?
The frontal plane are sideway cuts that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
29
What parts does the transverse plane divide?
The transverse plane horizontally cuts the body into superior and inferior portions
30
What does the oblique plane refer to?
The oblique plane refers to any diagonal section of the body
31
The head is ----- to the abdomen.
superior
32
The back is --- to the chest.
posterior
33
The thumb is ---- to the elbow.
distal, inferior and lateral
34
The face is to the back of the head.
anterior
35
The neck is ---- relative to the head.
inferior
36
The esophagus is (behind) ---- to the trachea.
posterior
37
The hip is ---- to the umbilicus (navel or belly button).
inferior and lateral
38
Abdomin (o)
Related to the abdomen
39
Aden (o)
Gland
40
Arthr (o)
Joint
41
Bronch (i) (o)
bronchi / bronchus
42
Cardi (o)
Heart
43
Chol (e)
Bile
44
Encephal (o)
Head/ brain
45
Cerebr (o)
Brain
46
Col (o)
Colon, large intestine
47
Crani (o)
Skull
48
Cyst (o)
Bladder, cyst
49
Cyt (o)
Cell
50
Dermat (o)
Skin
51
Dent (i) (o)
Tooth
52
Enter (o)
Small intestine
53
Gastr (o)
Stomach
54
Hem (o)
Blood
55
Gyn (ec, o)
Woman/Female reproductive system
56
Hepat (o)
Liver
57
Hyster (o)
Uterus
58
Laryng (o)
Larynx
59
Mast (o)
Breast
60
My (o)
Muscle
61
Neur (o)
Nerve
62
nephr (o)
kidney
63
Ot (o)
ear
64
Pharyng (o)
throat, pharynx
65
Pneum (o)
Lung, air, gas
66
Proct (o)
Rectum (procedures)
67
Psych
Mind
68
Pulm
Relating to the lungs
69
Py (o)
Pus
70
Rect (o)
Rectum (organ)
71
Thorac (o)
Chest
72
Trache (i) (o)
Trachea
73
Ur (o)
Urine, urinary tract, urination
74
Urin (o)
urine
75
Mening
Meninges
76
Osteo
bone
77
Ped
children
78
Toxic (o)
posion
79
Glyc
sugar
80
Algia
pain
81
hydr
water
82
itis
inflammation
83
ectomy
removal of
84
gram
The record of function
85
logy
The study of
86
oma
tumor
87
otomy
Opening of, incision into
88
emia
blood
89
plegia
paralysis
90
pnea
breathing
91
scope
A tool used to examine
92
scopy
The examination done with a scope
93
algia
pain
94
Suffixes
go at the END of a root word
95
Example with itis with root word
- Appendicitis, meningitis, arthritis, hepatitis
- Inflammation of the appendix, meninges, joint, liver
96
Example with ectomy with root word
- Appendectomy, hysterectomy, mastectomy
- Removal of appendix uterus, breast
97
Example with gram with root word
- Cardiogram, encephalogram, nephrogram
- A record of functioning of heart, brain, kidneys
98
Example with logy with root word
- Neurology, cardiology, psychology, dermatology
- The study of the nerves, heart, mind skin
99
Example with oma with root word
- Mastoma, osteoma, hepatoma
- Tumor of the breast bone, liver
100
Example with otomy with root word
- Colotomy, gastronomy, tracheostomy
- Opening colon, stomach, trachea
101
Example with emia with root word
- anemia, hypoglycemia
- Lack of blood, low blood sugar
102
Example with plegia with root word
- Paraplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia
- Paralysis from waist down, Neck down, one sided
103
Example with pnea with root word
- apnea
- Lack of breathing
104
Example with scope with root word
- Colonoscopy, otoscope, arthroscopy
- A tool used to examine the colon, ear, joint
105
Example with scopy with root word
- Colonoscopy, otoscopy, arthroscopy
- Examination with a scope using a colonoscope, otoscope, athroscope
106
Example with algia with root word
- Myalgia, cardialgia
- Muscle pain, heart pain
107
a
without/absence of
108
brady
slow
109
tachy
fast
110
dys
painful/ difficulty
111
hyper
high/ excessive/ above
112
hypo
low/ deficient
113
poly
many/ lots
114
pre
before
115
post
after
116
Hemi
one sided
117
Quad
neck down
118
Para
waist down
119
example and meaning of a
- Apepsis, anemia, apnea
- No infection, lack of blood, no breathing
120
example and meaning of brady
-Bradycardia, bradypnea
- Slow heartbeat, breathing
121
example and meaning of tachy
- Tachycardia, tachypnea
- Fast heart beat, breathing
122
example and meaning of dys
- Dyspnea, dysuria
- Painful or difficulty breathing, urinating
123
example and meaning of hyper
- Hypertension, hyperglycemia
- High blood pressure, high blood sugar
124
example and meaning of hypo
- Hypotension, hypoglycemia
- Low blood pressure, low blood sugar
125
example and meaning of poly
- Polyuria, polycystic
- lots of urine, lots of cysts
126
example and meaning of pre
- preoperative
- Before surgery
127
example and meaning of post
- postoperative
- After surgery
128
example and meaning of para
- paraplegia
- waist down paralysis
129
example and meaning of quad
- quadriplegia
- Neck down paralysis
130
example and meaning of hemi
- hemiplegia
- One sided paralysis
131
T
temperature
132
P
pulse
133
BP
blood pressure
134
VS
vital signs
135
VSS
vital signs stable
136
VSA
vital signs absent
137
O2
oxygen
138
oC
degrees celsius
139
R
respiration
140
c̄
with
141
S̄
without
142
q
every
143
c/o
complains of
144
Sx
symptoms
145
Dx
diagnosis
146
Tx
treatment
147
Rx
prescription
148
Hx
history
149
prn
as needed
150
am
morning
151
pm
afternoon
152
stat
immediately
153
h
hour
154
q4h
every 4 hours
155
bid
twice a day
156
tid
three times a day
157
qid
four times a day
158
when not to used qid, tid, bid
You would not state the patient got out of bed bid. It should be used like the patient should do this quid for a month
159
pt
patient
160
ROM
range of motion
161
BR
bed rest
162
oob
out of bed
163
amb
Ambulate (to walk)
164
GI
gastrointestinal
165
BM
bowel movement
166
ac
before meals
167
pc
after meals
168
BRP
bathroom privileges
169
po
by mouth
170
IV
intravenous
171
w/c
wheelchair
172
gtts
drops
173
i
one
174
ii
two
175
d/c
discontinue and/or discharge
176
OR
operating room
177
NPO
Nothing by mouth
178
which work Related to Patient Care is used all the time
po
179
when should i and ii be used
used in reference to medication
180
1 minute after 24 hours
00:01
181
midnight
24:00
182
noon in 24-Hour Clock
in words
12 hundred hours
183
Quarter past 10 in the night 24 hour clock
22:15
184
Half past 11 in the evening in 12 hour
11:30pm
185
186
Twenty past seven in the morning in 12 hour
7:20pm
187
what words not to use with proximal and distal
superior and inferior
188
189
190
