unit 4 sac 1a

Question 1

gross national income (GNI)

Answer 1

the total goods and services a country’s citizens produce, including the value of income earned by citizens who may be working overseas

Question 1

economic sustainability

Answer 1

ensuring the average incomes in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation and living costs in the future

Question 2

environmental sustainability

Answer 2

ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources for the future

Question 3

poverty

Answer 3

not having resources to meet the basic needs such as food clothing and shelter

Question 4

relative poverty

Answer 4

those people living on less than 50% of the average income of there country

Question 5

extreme poverty

Answer 5

living on less than US$2.15 per day

Question 6

sanitation

Answer 6

the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human urine and faeces

Question 7

safe water

Answer 7

water that is free from contaminants and disease causing bacteria and chemicals

Question 8

communicable disease

Answer 8

infectious diseases that are transmitted from the environment; including through air, water, food and other ingested organisms

Question 9

non-communicable disease

Answer 9

conditions that are usually long-lasting and generally progress slowly. they are not spread through the environment

Question 10

inequality

Answer 10

the state of not being equal, especially in status or opportunities

Question 11

discrimination

Answer 11

when a person or group of people is treated different then other people, often a result of factors such as race religion, sex, sexual orientation and gender identity

Question 12

sexual orientation

Answer 12

the gender that someone is attracted to

Question 13

gender identity

Answer 13

the gender to which someone identifies themselves, can be different from the genre assigned at birth

Question 14

double burden of disease

Answer 14

the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity or diet-related non-communicable diseases

Question 15

social sustainability

Answer 15

creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely

Question 16

sustainability

Answer 16

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet the needs of their own

Question 17

high income countries

Answer 17

Australia, Canada, Japan, USA, UK

Question 18

upper middle income countries

Answer 18

China, South Africa, Fiji, Mexico

Question 19

lower middle income countries

Answer 19

Cambodia, India, pakistan, Papua New Guinea.

Question 20

low income countries

Answer 20

Chad, Zimbabwe, South Sudan, Uganda

Question 21

social characteristics

Answer 21

• gender equality
• birth rates/population growth
• employment
• education
• health systems
• legal systems
• technology

Question 22

environmental characteristics

Answer 22

• safe water and sanitation
• food security
• housing
• infrastructure
• levels of carbon dioxide emissions

Question 23

economic characteristics

Answer 23

• average income
• levels of poverty
• global trade
• range of industries

Question 24

Diarrhoeal disease

Answer 24

when your bowel movements become loose or watery, usually as a result of an infection in the intestinal tract

Question 25

malaria

Answer 25

a life threatening disease spread to humans by some types of mosquitoes. it is mostly found in tropical counties and it preventable and curable

Question 26

HIV/AIDS

Answer 26

an infection that attacks the bodys immune system by targeting white blood cells. AIDs is the most advanced stage of HIV

Question 27

Cholera

Answer 27

an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by ingestion of food or water with the bacteria vibrio cholerae

Question 28

tuberculosis

Answer 28

an infectious disease that often affects the lungs and is caused by a type of bacteria

Question 29

5 aspects of the poverty cycle

Answer 29

- low income - poor living conditions - poor H+WB - lack of education - inability to secure meaningful employment

Question 30

religious discrimination

Answer 30

involves treating a person differently or unfavourably because of their religious beliefs

Question 31

forced marriages

Answer 31

when one or both of the parties is married against their will

Question 32

arranged marriages

Answer 32

when both parties provide consent for the marriage

Question 33

female genital mutilation (FGM)

Answer 33

procedures that intentionally alter or cause injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons

Question 34

low income countries classification

Answer 34

countries with a GNI or $1000 or below

Question 35

lower middle income country classification

Answer 35

countries with GNI between $1000-$4000

Question 36

upper middle income country classification

Answer 36

countries with a GNI between $4000- $12500