Unit 4 - The Nazi Dictatorship (1933-1939)

Question 1

What happened to the KPD?

Answer 1

effectively banned in Nazi Germany using the Reichstag Fire Decree (28th February 1933)

Question 2

What happened to the DNVP?

Answer 2

voluntarily disbanded on the 27th June 1933

Question 3

What happened to the ZP?

Answer 3

disbanded in 5th July 1933

Question 4

What happened to the SPD?

Answer 4

The SPD were the main party during the Weimar Republic but dropped in popularity over time, as well as being banned for being “hostile to the nation and state” in June 1933

Question 5

When was the law against rhe formation of new parties passed?

Answer 5

14th July 1933

Question 6

When did the ‘First Law for the Coordination of the Federal States’ dissolve elected assemblies in the German Government?

Answer 6

31st March 1933

Question 7

When did the Second Coordination Law create the post of Reich Governor to rule over federal state?

Answer 7

7th April 1933

Question 8

When did the ‘Law for the Reconstruction of the Reich’ abolish state assemblies?

Answer 8

30th January 1934

Question 9

When was the Reichstag abolished?

Answer 9

14th February 1934

Question 10

Why were civil servants forced tp resign?

Answer 10

If their loyalty to the Nazi regime was questioned

Question 11

What else is the Night of the Long Knives called?

Answer 11

Operation Hummingbird

Question 12

When was the night of the long knives?

Answer 12

30th June 1934

Question 13

What caused the night of the long knives?

Answer 13

Caused by SA under Ernst Rohm pressing for a ‘second revolution’ and felt this was causing concern among army elites who felt threatened by the SA’s power

Question 14

What happened during the night of the long knives?

Answer 14

84 were executed and 1000 were executed (Kurt von Schleider was killed and Franz von Papen was placed under house arrest)

Question 15

How did Hitler justify the actions of the night of the long knives?

Answer 15

said the SA were planning a coup and it had to be taken care of

Question 16

What were the impacts of President Hindemburg’s death?

Answer 16

• Hitler could get away with more extreme orders as the onky thing stopping him was Hindenburg
• The Army owed Hindenburg their loyalty, not Hitler
• Hitler was able to merge the roles of Chancellor ans President to create the Fuher (no election for this)
• Plebisite follows Hinderburg’s death

Question 17

When did Hindenburg die?

Answer 17

2nd August 1934

Question 18

What did the SS, Gestapo and SD have in common?

Answer 18

They were all “instruments for the terror state”

Question 19

What did the SS do?

Answer 19

• originally Hitler’s bodyguards
• Membership based on pureness of race and obedience to the Fuher
• Their power was reduced after the Night of the Long Knives
• 1936: Himmler took over the Gestapo
• 1939: Himmler was in charge of all state police forces

Question 20

what did the Gestapo do?

Answer 20

• secret Police
• eliminated political opposition
• Relied on informers
• Created atmosphere of fear across Germany through perception they were numerous

Question 21

What did the SD do?

Answer 21

• internal security service of the Nazi Party
• staffed by amateur volunteers
• led by Heydrich
• monitored public opinion

Question 22

what were the priorities of thr Nazi ecenomic policy?

Answer 22

• reduce unemployment
• Autarky

Question 23

What did Hjalmar Schacht do?

Answer 23

Used policies such as:
* public work schemes such as the creation of the Autobahn
* tax reductions
* subsidies to encourage more firms to employ workers
* controls on wages and prices
* trade des signed with countries in South East Europe to encourage Autarky
* the RAD waa introduced in 1935 to provide company labour
* Rearmament financed by Mifo Bills

Question 24

Who was Hjamar Schacht?

Answer 24

German economist who was head of the Reichbank under the Weimar Republic

Question 25

What was the Four Year Plan?

Answer 25

* helped Germany prepare for war (began in 1936 but war starred in 1939, putting Germany a year behind schedule) * Production targets were set for provste companies * New state owned plabts were established to increase production * increased focus on production of coal, iron and steel * research inti substitute products such as oil from coal

Question 26

What did propaganda for the ecemonic policies of Germany look like?

Answer 26

* Self-sufficiency wad portrayed as a battle for all of the Volkgemeinschaft * Germans were encoursged to buy German products (Autarky) * Scrap metal collections were organised by groups such as the Hitler Youth (melted down into useful products) * savings campaigns asked the population to consume less, releasing funds for investment

Question 27

What did social policies against children look like?

Answer 27

* Children aged 14-18 had to attend the Hitler Youth, which became compulsory in 1936 (taught how to be soldiers) * Girls aged 14-18 had to attend the German League of Young Girls (taughts how to be mothers)

Question 28

What did social policies againat women look like?

Answer 28

* only 10% of women could go to Univeristy * women were seen as tools for marriage and reproduction, nothing else * Hitler would be the Godfather to your 10th child * German Women's League - attempt to gain control iver all German women (1933-1945) * Reich Mothers Service - helped women find their ideal partner in marriage and helped solve reproductive issues

Question 29

What did social policies against workers look like?

Answer 29

* Set up as early as March 1933 * DAF (German Labour Front) replaced trade unions in Germany

Question 30

What did social policies against the Church look like?

Answer 30

* The Reich Church was founded in 1936 and alligned with Protestant beliefs * Used a Nazified version of thr Lord's prayer * Hung swastika flags in the churches * The Aryan Paragraph forbid Jews who converted to Chirstianity from joining the Reich Church